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Epidemiology - MIDTERM 4 PQS > PQS - Mycobacterium ✅ > Flashcards

PQS - Mycobacterium ✅ Flashcards

1
Q

Giant cells typically occur in tubercles

A

T

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2
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause generalised tuberculosis in pigs.

A

T

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3
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause tuberculosis in humans.

A

T

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4
Q

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can colonise only cold-blooded animals.

A

F

Cold-blooded, cattle and swine + other mammals

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5
Q

Mycobacteria are facultative intracellular bacteria.

A

T

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6
Q

Saprophytic and facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot colonise warm blooded animals.

A

F

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7
Q

Facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria can only reproduce in the environment.

A

F

Can be found in environment, plants, water and gut
Can also replicate in animals, but the environment is the main way

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8
Q

Facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria can only colonize in warm-blooded animals.

A

F

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9
Q

There is no antigen connection between facultative and obligate pathogenic mycobacteria

A

F

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10
Q

Pigs are resistant against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A

F

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11
Q

Lympho-haematogenous spread of mycobacteria can be seen in the post primary phase of tuberculosis.

A

F

Found in phase 2 - “early generalization”

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12
Q

There is a close antigen relationship between mycobacteria

A

T

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13
Q

Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis only in ruminants

A

F

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14
Q

Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in goats

A

T

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15
Q

Tuberculin is an extract made from broth culture of mycobacteria

A

T

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16
Q

The tuberculin contains antigens from mycobacteria

A

T

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17
Q

Tuberculin is the toxin produced by mycobacteria

A

F

it’s an antigen extract

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18
Q

Intra canalicular spread of mycobacteria can be seen in the post primary phase of
tuberculosis

A

T

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19
Q

Antibodies against mycobacteria are detected in the tuberculin test

A

F

Measure the immune response, measuring the reaction of skin

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20
Q

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can cause local lesions in pigs

A

T

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21
Q

Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot cause tuberculosis

A

F

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22
Q

Mycobacteria are acid and alcohol fast bacteria

A

T

= the bacteria is resistant to acid and alcohol

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23
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause generalized tuberculosis in parrots

A

T

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24
Q

Fresh tuberculosis lesions in the lymph nodes are common the early generation

A

T

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25
Mycobacteria can be stained with Ziehl-Neelsen staining
T
26
Mycobacteria cannot be stained
F
27
Obligate pathogenic mycobacteria can occur and replicate in the environment
F **Replicates in the infected animal**
28
All mycobacteria species are obligate pathogenic
F **Majority is, but some are saprophytic, facultative pathogens**
29
The resistance of mycobacteria is low, they die in the environment soon
F **Certain components make the cell wall very resistant**
30
Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalised tuberculosis in goats
T
31
Fresh tuberculosis lesions in the lymph nodes are common in the post primary phase
F
32
Mycobacteria are highly resistant thanks to lipids and waxes in the cell wall
T
33
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause tuberculosis in humans
T
34
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs
T
35
Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs
T
36
Pigs are resistant against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
F **They are highly susceptible**
37
Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in badgers
T
38
Mycobacterium caprae can infect only goats
F
39
Tuberculosis lesions in the lymph node are common in the early generalization
T
40
The habitat of the obligate pathogenic Mycobacteria is the environment
F **habitat is the infected animal**
41
Mycobacteria are obligate intracellular bacteria
F **= Facultative intracellular bacteria**
42
Waxes can be found in the cell wall of Mycobacteria
T
43
Only Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause tuberculosis in humans
F
44
Neutrophil granulocytes can be typically found in tubercles
F **Lymphocytes are found**
45
Necrosis can be seen in the tubercles
T
46
The habitat of saprophytic, facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria is the environment.
T **Together with plants, water and gut**
47
Saprophytic, facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria cannot colonize mammals
F
48
Mycobacteria have several shared antigens
T
49
The cell wall of mycobacteria contains mycolic acid
T
50
The tuberculin contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens
F
51
The cell wall of mycobacteria contains large amount of lipopolysaccharide
T
52
Mycobacteria can replicate only in animals
T F?? **Different species, different habitats:** **1. Obligate pathogenic = animals** **2. Saphrophytic, facultative pathogenic = environment, plants, water, gut**
53
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in parrots
T
54
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes generalized tuberculosis in badgers
F **M.bovis does**
55
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in poultry
F **Cage birds and parrots, NOT poultry**
56
The cell wall of mycobacteria contains mycolic acid
T
57
The tuberculin contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens
F
58
All mycobacteria can replicate in the environment
F
59
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis in wild living ruminants
T
60
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis in wild boars
T
61
If the increase of the thickness of the skin fold in the tuberculin test is 1.9 mm the reaction is positive
F **Less than 2mm = negative**
62
The skin intradermal tuberculin test is a Type IV. hypersensitivity reaction
T
63
Antigens of mycobacteria show a close relationship
T
64
Mycobacteria can survive in the environment only for a few days
F
65
Atypical mycobacteria can cause lesions in pigs
T
66
Mycobacteria caprae can infect cattle, other ruminants and swine.
T
67
Saprophytic, facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot cause tuberculosis
F **But not very common**
68
Only cattle maintain bovine tuberculosis
F
69
Obligate pathogenic Mycobacteria can only reproduce in the infected body
T
70
Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can cause tuberculosis in fishes
T
71
Mycobacteria are not resistant, they can survive in the environment for maximum of two days
F **Due to the cell wall components, they survive long**
72
Mycobacterium suis is the most frequent agent of tuberculosis of pigs
F **M.bovis and M.Caprae is most common**
73
Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can colonize the gut of pigs
T
74
Sometimes facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cause lesions in pig
T **Local lesions**
75
Mycobacteria can survive in the environment
T
76
Mycobacteria cannot be cultured
F
77
Waxes and lipids in the mycobacteria are virulence factors
T
78
The agent of avian tuberculosis is an obligate pathogenic bacterium.
T
79
Tuberculin test is an allergic test
T
80
Mycobacteria can be cultured, but their incubation time is long
T
81
Tuberculosis is diagnosed by detecting antibodies to M. bovis in the blood with ELISA
F **Used as complimentary test**
82
The center of the tubercle is necrotized
T
83
The tubercle consists of histiocytes and foreign body giant cell.
T
84
The causative agents of tuberculosis are obligate pathogenic bacteria
T
85
Köster staining is a special staining for Mycobacteria
F **Ziehl-Neelsen**
86
Mycobacteria are highly resistant
T **Due to the cell wall**
87
Early generalization of mycobacteria occurs via lympho-hematogenous route
T ***4.phases:*** ***1.** Primary focus* ***2.** Early generalization* ***3.** Post primary phase* ***4.** Late generalization/exhaust phase*
88
In dogs’ tuberculosis can be generalized
T
89
Late generalization can be characterized by lost resistance.
T
90
In the tubercle, coagulation necrosis is seen.
T
91
In the phase of early generalization Mycobacteria do not replicate in the lymph node.
F
92
Mycobacteria are a worldwide disease
T
93
Chronic tuberculosis causes changes in the lymph node
F **No fresh lesions in the lymph nodes**
94
Mycobacteria can be demonstrated from the discharge of sick animals by staining.
T
95
Tuberculosis can be demonstrated earliest by ELISA
F
96
Tuberculosis can first be diagnosed by PCR
F
97
Tuberculosis can be diagnosed with certainty serology
F
98
Mycobacterium infection in pigs can be zoonotic
T
99
Mycobacterium spp. in swine can be caused by atypical mycobacteria
T
100
Mycobacteria in swine can be caused by M. bovis and produces localized lesions.
F
101
M. tuberculosis is a common mycobacterium infection of pig
F T?? **Pigs are highly susceptible to M. Tuberculosis**
102
Mycobacteria are acid and alcohol fast bacteria
T
103
Sawdust bedding can predispose pigs to infection by facultative pathogenic mycobacteria.
T
104
Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs.
F **Localized lesions**
105
The habitat of pathogenic mycobacteria is the soil
F
106
The habitat of facultative pathogenic mycobacteria is the soil
F
107
Only cattle are susceptible to Mycobacterium bovis
F
108
Some facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria can cause tuberculosis in cold blooded animals
T

Epidemiology - MIDTERM 4 PQS (31 decks)

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