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Epidemiology - MIDTERM 4 PQS > PQS - Avian tuberculosis + paratuberculosis ✅ > Flashcards

PQS - Avian tuberculosis + paratuberculosis ✅ Flashcards

1
Q

In the case of avian tuberculosis, no tubercles are formed

A

F

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2
Q

Avian tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium gallinarum

A

F

M. avium subsp. avium is the main causative agent, but also M. avium subsp. silvaticum and M. tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in birds

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3
Q

Avian tuberculosis is a generalised disease

A

T

Always causing generalisation

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4
Q

The most severe form of avian tuberculosis can be seen in 1-4 week old chicken

A

F

Seen in old birds only

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5
Q

The agent of avian tuberculosis infects animals generally per os

A

T

Airborne infection can also happen

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6
Q

Mycobacterium avium subsp avium causes tuberculosis in humans

A

F

Causes tuberculosis in BIRDS

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7
Q

Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium causes avian tuberculosis

A

T

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8
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause generalized tuberculosis in parrots

A

T

In cage birds and parrots

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9
Q

The agent of avian tuberculosis can survive in the soil for several months

A

T

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10
Q

Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian tuberculosis

A

T

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11
Q

Clinical signs of avian tuberculosis can be seen in old birds

A

T

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12
Q

Poultry are widely vaccinated for the prevention of avian tuberculsosis

A

F

The vaccine is not effective

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13
Q

Avian tuberculosis is very frequent in large scale poultry farms

A

F

Seen in backyard poultry

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14
Q

The causative agent of avian tuberculosis is a resistant bacterium

A

T

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15
Q

Avian tuberculosis is mainly seen in chicken below 2 months of age

A

F

Old birds only!!

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16
Q

In case of avian tuberculosis tubercles can be seen in liver and spleen

A

T

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17
Q

Avian tuberculosis is treated with penicillin and tetracyclines

A

F

There is no treatment

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18
Q

Only Mycobacterium avium subsp. Avium can infect birds

A

F

Also M. avium subsp. silvaticum and M. tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in birds

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19
Q

Avian tuberculosis has been eradicated in Europe

A

F

Found worldwide

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20
Q

Avian tuberculosis can be typically seen in old, adult birds

A

F

T??

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21
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause clinical signs in some bird species

A

T

Not very typical

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22
Q

The agent of avian tuberculosis cannot survive in the Environment, its resistance is low

A

F

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23
Q

Avian tuberculosis usually occurs at 6-8 weeks of age

A

F

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24
Q

Avian tuberculosis result in local processes

A

F

Generalised infection

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25
Q

Avian tuberculosis can be diagnosed by slide agglutination or ELISA

A

T

But can be misguiding

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26
Q

Avian tuberculosis is a common disease in large scale farms causing high economic losses

A

F

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27
Q

Waterfowl are more susceptible to avian tuberculosis

A

F

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28
Q

Crepitation during liver transection is characteristic for avian tuberculosis

A

F

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29
Q

Tuberculosis of poultry occur mainly in breeder flocks

A

T

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30
Q

Avian tuberculosis occur over 1 year of age

A

T

31
Q

The tuberculin test is unreliable in poultry

A

T

32
Q

The agent of paratuberculosis is a facultative intracellular bacterium

A

T

Both obligate pathogen and facultative intracellular

33
Q

Paratuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis

A

T

34
Q

The agent of paratuberculosis is shed in the faeces

A

T

Also found in the milk

35
Q

Aerosol infection is the main form of transmission of paratuberculosis

A

T

F???

Infection directly from faeces, of faeces may contaminate the food and water

36
Q

The resistance of the agent of paratuberculosis is low, it cannot survive in the environment

A

F

long survival of the bacterium in the environment ⭢ 6-9 months

37
Q

Paratuberculosis occurs most frequently in pigs

A

F

Cattle is most susceptible, but also sheep and goats are main hosts

38
Q

Clinical signs of paratuberculosis can mainly be seen only in those cases that were infected in
the first six months of life

A

T

Infection over 6 months of life = asymptomatic, but shedding

39
Q

Fibrinous pneumonia is a typical lesion of paratuberculosis

A

F

40
Q

The agent of paratuberculosis is shed only after the appearance of the clinical signs

A

F

shedding happens 3-5 months after infection, BEFORE clinical signs

41
Q

Postmortem lesions of paratuberculosis can be seen in the small intestine

A

T

42
Q

The most severe clinical signs of Paratuberculosis can be seen in suckling calves

A

F

Symptoms appear at 2-5 years of age, typically after 2nd or 3rd calving

43
Q

Lesions are seen in the lungs of animals infected with paratuberculosis

A

F

Intestines

44
Q

Paratuberculosis has been eradicated from Europe

A

F

Worldwide

45
Q

The clinical signs of paratuberculosis is more severe in calves than in adults

A

F

Symptoms appear at 2-5 years of age

46
Q

Dyspnoea and nasal discharge are the main clinical signs of paratuberculosis

A

F

Main clinical signs is diarrhoea, hunched back

47
Q

Paratuberculosis occurs mainly in the tropical and subtropical countries

A

F

Worldwide

48
Q

The agent of paratuberculosis is shed in the faces and milk

A

T

49
Q

The clinical signs of paratuberculosis are more severe in sheep than cattle

A

F

In sheep and goats clinical signs are less frequent

50
Q

Paratuberculosis is seen in young calves

A

F

Symptoms appear at 2-5 years of age

51
Q

Lesions of paratuberculosis are localized in the small intestine

A

T

52
Q

In the case of paratuberculosis tuberculi can be seen in the anterior lobes of the lungs

A

F

53
Q

Paratuberculosis can be treated with polymyxins

A

F

No treatment

54
Q

Paratuberculosis is seen cows above 2 years of age

A

T

Symptoms appear at 2-5 years of age

55
Q

Lesions of the paratuberculosis are localized in the small and large intestine

A

F

Mainly small intestines, sometimes proximal large intestines

56
Q

In the case of paratuberculosis no tuberculi are seen

A

T

57
Q

Weight loss is a typical sign of paratuberculosis

A

T

58
Q

In paratuberculosis, the nodules are seen primarily in the large intestine

A

F

Small intestines

59
Q

Paratuberculosis can be demonstrated by LST during early stages of infection

A

T

60
Q

Paratuberculosis can be prevented by early vaccination of the calves

A

T

Vaccination is quite effective

61
Q

Paratuberculosis can be treated with penicillin and enrofloxacin

A

F

No treatment

62
Q

Paratuberculosis can be prevented by vaccination

A

T

63
Q

Paratuberculosis is believed to cause Chron’s disease

A

T

64
Q

Young animals are resistant to paratuberculosis

A

F

65
Q

Wasting is the main clinical sign

A

???

66
Q

Paratuberculosis is also called Johne’s disease

A

T

67
Q

Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease with diarrhoea affecting mainly ruminants

A

T

68
Q

The disease paratuberculosis can develop in animals above 2 months

A

F

69
Q

Paratuberculosis can be prevented by vaccination only in countries where it is eradicated

A

T

70
Q

In Paratuberculosis, nodules can be found in intestinum crassum

A

F

71
Q

Young animals are more susceptible to paratuberculosis

A

T

72
Q

Paratuberculosis virulence factor is phospholipase C

A

F

73
Q

Paratuberculosis cause proliferative enteritis in small intestines

A

T

74
Q

Cattle paratuberculosis shows more severe lesions than sheep/goat

A

T

Epidemiology - MIDTERM 4 PQS (31 decks)

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