PPT2: Tissue Response to Injury

Question 1

Protective mechanism to rid body of irritant and promote repair/healing of damaged tissues. Body tissues protect, localize, and fight acute or chronic irritant or injury.

Answer 1

Inflammation

Question 2

Causes of inflammation

Answer 2

Trauma, chemical agents, pathogens, foreign bodies, irradiation, temperature extremes, burns
Hypoxia/ischemia, autoimmune responses, immune reaction (hypersensitivity)

Question 3

5 cardinal signs/symptoms of inflammation

Answer 3

Heat (local) - calor
Redness - rubor
Swelling - tumor
Pain - dolar
Loss of function

Question 4

T or F? Acute Inflammatory Phase
A. Only purpose is to defend against infection/foreign obj
B. A few hours to 2-3 days
C. Includes locally mediated cellular events.
D. First step in repair

Answer 4

A. False. Immobilize, compartmentalize, & dispose of dead tissue
B. True
C. False. Neurologic, hemodynamic, and cellular events
D. True

Question 5

T or F? Acute Inflammatory Phase: NEUROLOGIC events
A. Initial vasoconstriction is gradual and lasts several hrs
B. Vasodilation is immediate and relaxes muscle spasm
C. Vasodilation causes “bleeding” to start

Answer 5

A. False. Transitory and reflexive; lasts up to 30 sec.
B. False. Gradual relaxation of muscle spasm.
C. True

Question 6

T/F? Acute Inflammatory Phase HEMODYNAMIC events
A. Initial vasodila.; gradual vasoconstrict. to stop bleeding
B. Margination of leukocytes; neutrophilic migration
C. Coagulation and clotting
D. Fluids leak; transudate and exudate cause excema

Answer 6

A. False. Init. vasoconstrict.; gradual vasodil. relaxes spasm
B. True
C. True
D. True

Question 7

T or F? Acute Inflammatory Phase: CELLULAR events
A. Neuts phagocytize; Basophils release anti-coagulants
B. CT damage –> mast cell activation & degranulation
C. Mast cells release EPI and clotting factors
D. Eosinophils arrive 5 hrs later, remove dead tissue

Answer 7

A. True
B. True
C. False. Histamine (vasodilation) & heparin (anticoagulant)
D. False. Monocytes and macrophages

Question 8

T or F? Acute Inflammatory Phase: CHEMICAL events
A. Over 180 diff. chemicals involved in acute inflammation
B. Serotonin and histamine vasodilate
C. Bradykinins increase permeability and pain
D. Leukotrienes start arachadonic cascade

Answer 8

A. True
B. False Histamine does vasodilate but sero vasoconstricts
C. True
D. False. Prostaglandins start it

Question 9

T or F? Repair Phase
A.
B. Begins immediately, lasts for 2-3 months
C.
D. Granulation, fibroplasia, scar formation & contraction

Answer 9

A.
B. Begins w/in 24 hrs, lasts 48 hrs to 6 wks
C.
D. True