PPT 7

Question 1

8 steps of invasion & metastasis

Answer 1

1. Primary tumor formation
2. Localized invasion
3. Intravasion, interaction with blood components
4. Transport through circulation
5. Arrest in mircovessels of various organs
6. Extravasion
7. Formation of a microstatsis
8. Colonization, formation of a macrometastis

Question 2

Intravasion

Answer 2

Cancer cell enters the bloodvessels
Stimulated by singals (EGF from macrofaag)

Question 3

Extravasion

Answer 3

Cancer cell leaves the blood vessels

Question 4

Blood is a hostile environment for cancer cells

Answer 4

• No contact with other cells
• Hydrodynamic shear stress in vessels
• No stromal support
• Not built for microcappilaries

Question 5

micrometastases

Answer 5

small clumps of cells that can expand in time.

Question 6

metastatic shower

Answer 6

Meerdere metastases
This represents cells that are well adapted to colonization of new tissues, originating from the first wave metastases

Question 7

… enables invasion

Answer 7

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)
EMT involves changes in shape, the acquisition of motility and fundamental alterations in the gene expression.
> Downregulation of E-cadherin and cytokeratins
> Upregulation of vimentin

Question 8

E-cadherin rol

Answer 8

• E-cadherin molecules are tethered to the actin fibers of the cytoskeleton via a complex of α- and β-catenins.
• The actin cytoskeleton provides tensile strength to the cell.

Question 9

Important for invasion

Answer 9

• adhesion
• cell shape
• motility (beweeglijkheid)