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Chem Lec Prelims > PPT 2B > Flashcards

PPT 2B Flashcards

1
Q

3 general classes of elements

A
  1. Metals
  2. Nonmetals
  3. Metalloids
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2
Q

Exemptions (Nonmetal)

  • Non-metallic carbon
  • Good electrical conductor
A

Graphite

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3
Q

Exemptions (Nonmetal)

Shiny

A

Iodine

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4
Q

Exemptions (Metal)

Melts in your hand

A

Gallium

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5
Q

Exemptions (Metal)

Liquid

A

Mercury

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6
Q

Exemptions (Metal)

Brittle

A

Iron

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7
Q

As you move down a group in the periodic table, the size of atoms ___, and the ionization energy (IE) tends to ___

A

Increases; Decrease

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8
Q

As you move across a period in the periodic table, the size of atoms ___, while the ionization energy generally ___

A

Decreases; Increases

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9
Q

As you move across a period in the periodic table, the atoms will have ___ electron affinity (EA), indicating a ___ likelihood for atoms to gain electrons

A

More favorable (more negative); greater

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10
Q

3 theories associated with acids & bases

A
  1. Arrhenius
  2. Brønsted-Lowry
  3. Lewis
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11
Q

Substances that ionize in water to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺)

A

Arrhenius acid

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12
Q

Substances that ionize in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻)

A

Arrhenius base

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13
Q

Amines acts as ___, accepting protons from ___ to form ammonium ions

A

Bases; acids

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14
Q

Arrhenius ___ + Arrhenius ___ → ___ + ___

A

acid; base
water; salt

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15
Q

Arrhenius limitations: it can only describe acid-base chemistry in ___ solutions

A

Aqueous

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16
Q

Can act as both an acid and a base

A

Amphoteric

17
Q

Can donate or accept a proton

A

Amphiprotic

18
Q

Example of an amphoteric and amphiprotic substance

A

Water

19
Q

BL

Proton donators

A

Acids

20
Q

BL

Proton acceptors

A

Bases

21
Q

BL

Strong acids & strong bases: ionize ___ in aqueous solution

A

Completely

22
Q

BL

Weak acids & weak bases: ionize ___ in aqueous solution

A

Partially

23
Q

Lewis

Electron acceptor

A

Lewis acid

24
Q

Lewis

Electron donator

A

Lewis base

25
Q

Metal oxides are typically ___ in nature, while nonmetal oxides are ___ in nature

A

Basic; acidic

Chem Lec Prelims (8 decks)

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