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BIOCHEM 332233 > PPP > Flashcards

PPP Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the Pentose phosphate Pathway (PPP)?

A

Hexose monophosphate pathway, shunt.

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2
Q

What is the location of PPP?

A

Cytoplasm/cytosol

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3
Q

Is ATP produced or consumed in the PPP?

A

No, none is used or produced

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4
Q

What is the key regulatory enzyme for the hexose monophosphate pathway?

A

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

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5
Q

What are reactants for Glucose 6 Phosphate dehydrogenase

A

Glucose-6-phosphate, NADP+

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6
Q

What are the products for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase?

A

NADPH, 6-phosphoglucono - Lactone

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7
Q

Most potent simulator for G-6-P DH?

A

Need for NADPH

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8
Q

6-PHOSPHOGLUCONATE (NADP+) ——->

A

RIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE

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9
Q

NADPH is an electron donor during what 4 things?

A

Reductive biosynthesis
Respiratory burst
Detoxification
Regeneration of antioxidants (free radical elimination)

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10
Q

Anything that consumes NADPH…..

A

Stimulates the PPP

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11
Q

Reductive biosynthesis- NADPH is an electron donor for what things?

A

Building fatty acids
Building cholesterol
Building steroid hormones and bile salts

(Reducing POWER)

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12
Q

Detoxification is used to do what? Via?

A

Make toxins water soluble for excretion via p450 monooxgenase system

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13
Q

What is the location of Cytochrome P-450

A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

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14
Q

What is added to the toxin making it more water soluble ?

A

Electrons and oxygen. The electrons are taken from NADPH

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15
Q

Respiratory bursts create what?

A

“Harsh chemistry”

White blood cell takes in more oxygen. Creating a reactive molecule which is used to kill the bacteria

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16
Q

In harsh chemistry what produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) ?

A

Superoxide dismutase *****

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17
Q

What is the enzyme that makes hypochlorous acid (HCIO) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) ?

A

Myeloperoxide ***

18
Q

Reactive molecules are inactivated by what? What “quenches them”

A

Antioxidants give electrons to the free radical/reactive species to quench them

19
Q

What happens to the antioxidant when free radicals are quenched?

A

It gets oxidized

20
Q

When antioxidants reducing power is restored (regenerated) they are being

A

Reduced

21
Q

What is the location of SOD (superoxide dismutase)

A

Extradcellular, cytoplasm, mitochondria.

22
Q

What are the cofactors for superoxide dismutase

A

Zinc, copper, manganese

23
Q

What is the location of catalase

A

Peroxisomes

24
Q

What is the cofactor for catalase

A

It is iron dependent

25
Q

Catalase is used to eliminate (quench) hydrogen peroxide, what has lots of catalase ?

A

Neutrophils

26
Q

Glutathione peroxidase (GXP) is dependent on what?

A

Selenium (t.q)

27
Q

Glutathione is an tripeptide of?

A

Glutamate-cystine-Glycine ***

28
Q

2GSH (reduced) ———>GSSG (oxidized)

?

A

GXP

29
Q

Catalase is more active that glutathione peroxidase?

A

FALSE!!!!!!!

30
Q

Glutathione regeneration

GSSG———————–2GSH
?

A

Glutathione reductase

31
Q

What are the uses for ribose?

A 
Builds:
ATP
Coenzyme A
FAD
NADPH, NADH
DNA
RNA
32
Q

Anything that consumes ribose………

A

Stimulates PPP

33
Q

What the the purines for DNA and RNA

A

Guanine and adenine

34
Q

What are the pyrimidines for DNA?

A

Thymine and Cytosine

35
Q

What are the pyrimidines for RNA?

A

Uracil and cytosine

36
Q

A base and a sugar =

A

Nucleoside

37
Q

A base + sugar + phosphate =

A

Nucleotide

38
Q

What enzyme is the link between Glycolysis and PPP?

A

Transketolases, Trasaldolases

39
Q

What are the reversible steps of the PPP

A

G-3-P, F-6-P

40
Q

What two steps of the PPP produces NADPH

A 
Dehydrogenation (of G-6-P) 
Oxidative decarboxylation (produces ribulose-5-phosphate)

BIOCHEM 332233 (6 decks)

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