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South Sudan Ethncity
60 different ethnicities, 2 major ethnicities:
Dinka
Nuer
South Sudan Political state
President Salva Kiir - Dinka
Vice president - Machar - Nuer
Kiir suspended his cabinet, which drew political tensions with his VP Machar in 2012
Then, Kiir claimed that Machar allegedly staged a failed coup against him
Resulting in political infighting
South Sudan physical geography
Landlocked between 6 countries
Abyei oil fields, disputed territory between Sudan and South Sudan
Rich mineral land
South Sudan Global governance
IGOs - UN, UNICEF, IGAD
NGOS - MSF, CC,
State definition
Area of land, of an independent country, with well-defined borders, within which there is a politically organised body of people under a single government.
Nation State
A nation which has its own independent state; the boundaries of the state coincide with the area inhabited by the nation.
Internal sovereignty
The absolute authority that independent states exercise in the government of the land and peoples in their own territory.
External Sovereignty
Sovereignty sustained by mutual recognition by the international community of a states authority.
Nation
A group of people with a common culture that are united by shared descent, history, language.
State Apparatus
The institutions and organisations through which the state exercises its power
Geopolitics
Politics, especially international relations, as influenced by geographical factors.
Global governance
Intervention by global community, attempting to regulate issues such as human rights, sovereignty and territorial integrity
Territory
The extent of land under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state
Territorial Sovereignty
The right of a government to exclusively exercise its powers within a particular territory
Territorial Integrity
The right of a state to defend sovereign territory against incursion/ secession movements from other states
South Sudan Global governance, with pros and cons.
- =IGO’S,,, United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS): In order to protect civilians, UNMISS has deployed more than 17,000 peacekeepers and police personnel to South Sudan. UNMISS also provides aid and assistance to internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees, works to protect and promote human rights, and supports the implementation of the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS).
Pro - Protected civilians
Cons - Sovereignty undermined due to soldiers
- = NGO’s,,, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF): MSF has been providing medical assistance in South Sudan since 1986. MSF provides primary and secondary healthcare, including medical and mental health care, in various locations across the country. MSF also provides healthcare to displaced persons and refugees, as well as assisting with the provision of water and sanitation services.
Pro - Saved healthcare
Con - Sovereignty undermined, govt may become reliant, or may not approve of healthcare treatments.
Amount of South Sudanese killed since 2011
10,600
Number of internally displaced people after the 2013 political fighting + refugees in neighbouring countries; South Sudan
2 million
730,000
Size of 2023 UN intervention in South Sudan
Currently there are 18,000 peacekeepers
Malnutrition in South Sudan
1/3 children
Cons of intervention in South Sudan
IDP and refugees are stuck in camps. Camps have existed for those since 2013, with conditions little improving. This can create over-reliance, as well as threatening territorial integrity of nation and sovereignty, as these areas are not governed by Nation.
18,000 current Peacekeeping soldiers sent by the UN peacekeeping mission threatening sovereignty.
Healthcare and education - an over-reliance on aid in south Sudan communities could result in negative consequences if these NGO’s were to leave.
