Power and Borders Theory

Question 1

state definition

Answer 1

and area of land of an independent country with well defined boundaries, within which there is a politically organised body of people under a single government

Question 2

nation definition

Answer 2

a large group of people with strong bonds of identity, united by a shared descent, history, traditions, culture, and language

Question 3

nation-state definition

Answer 3

a nation with its own independent state. The boundaries of the state coincide with the area inhabited by the nation

Question 4

sovereignty definition

Answer 4

the absolute authority that independent states exercise in the government of the land and people in their territiory

Question 5

territorial integrity definition

Answer 5

the principle that the defined territory of a state, over which it has exclusive and legitimate control, is inviolable

Question 6

independence definition

Answer 6

a situation in which the people of a country exercise self-government and sovereignty over their territory, having gained political freedom from outside control

Question 7

secession definition

Answer 7

the transfer of part of a state’s area and population to another state

Question 8

international border definition

Answer 8

the boundary of a sovereign state recognised by international law and identified on the world political map

Question 9

territory definition

Answer 9

the extent of land under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state

Question 10

When did South Sudan secede from Sudan

Answer 10

2011

Question 11

When did Eritrea gain independence from Ethiopia

Answer 11

1993

Question 12

give the definition of state apparatus?

Answer 12

refers to the set of institutions and organisations through which state power is achieved (legal power, military, police, education)

Question 13

What convention in 1993 defines a state

Answer 13

Montevideo Convention

Question 14

what 4 points of the Montevideo Convention make up a state

Answer 14

internationally recognised defined territory
capacity to enter into relationships with other states
government recognised by other states
permanent population with the right to self-determination

Question 15

state apparatus definition

Answer 15

the set of institutions and organisations through which state power is exercised

Question 16

who developed the Fragile States Index

Answer 16

Fund For Peace

Question 17

what indicators does the Fragile States Index use

Answer 17

cohesion e.g. group grievance
economic e.g. economic decline
political e.g. human rights
social e.g. refugees

Question 18

what is significant about the Kurds

Answer 18

they are the largest nation without a state

Question 19

how many Kurds are in Iraq

Answer 19

5 million

Question 20

why does Iraq oppose an independent Kurdistan

Answer 20

Kurds control their oil and gas so Iraq would lose this income

Question 21

What is in North Iran

Answer 21

a very stable Kurdish region that is working to build a nation-state

Question 22

what are norms derived from

Answer 22

moral principles, customs, and ways of living that are universally accepted as standard behaviour

Question 23

what does Article 2.4 of the Charter of the UN preserve

Answer 23

territorial integrity and sovereignty

Question 24

what does Article 2.1 of the Charter of the UN state

Answer 24

all member states have equal right to determine their own government

Question 25

who else besides the UN establishes norms

Answer 25

regional organisations like the EU

Question 26

what is intervention

Answer 26

actions of international organisations that try to resolve conflicts or crises arising from challenges to sovereignty and territorial integrity

Question 27

what are examples of intervention

Answer 27

economic sanctions
military intervention
missions from organisations
humanitarian assistance

Question 28

examples of when intervention is necessary

Answer 28

act of aggression by other states
conflict between ethnic groups
human rights violations

Question 29

why is intervention controversial

Answer 29

it is argued that sovereignty (a principle promoted by the UN) is undermined by intervention, even though the UN Security Council sanctions intervention