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Intro to Animal Science > Poultry Management > Flashcards

Poultry Management Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a newly hatched chicken called?

A

chick

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2
Q

What is a young chick called?

A

poult

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3
Q

What is a chicken called when it’s used for meat production?

A

broiler

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4
Q

What is a female chick for egg production called?

A

layer

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5
Q

What is a young hen (less than 1 years old) called?

A

pullet

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6
Q

What is a young male chicken called?

A

cockerel

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7
Q

What is an adult female called?

A

hen

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8
Q

What is an adult male called?

A

cock/rooster

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9
Q

What are the popular products from poultry?

A

eggs & meat

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10
Q

What is the process of giving birth called?

A

laying/hatching

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11
Q

Define class

A

group of birds that have been developed in the same broad geographical area

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12
Q

What are the four main classes of chickens?

A

1) American
2) Asiatic
3) English
4) Mediterranean

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13
Q

What are the traits looked for in male turkeys for the next generations

A
  • thicker thighs
  • meatier drumsticks
  • plumper breasts
  • faster rate of growth
  • higher feed efficiency
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14
Q

What are the traits looked for in female turkeys for the next generations

A
  • greater fertility
  • hatchability
  • egg size
  • meat conformation
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15
Q

How does turkey breeding work?

A

Gen 1 - pure lines
Gen 2 - turkeys from gen 1 are crossed with each other to contribute to the genetic diversity from other pure lines
Gen 3 - turkeys from gen 2 are crossed with each other to contribute to the genetic diversity and development of specific traits

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16
Q

After breeding gen 3 (turkeys) what do they do with the eggs?

A

send them to male or female hatcheries for incubation, once hatched they look for specific traits. those turkeys are picked to then breed future generations with their desirable traits

17
Q

When do laying hens (turkeys) reach sexual maturity? And how do they stimulate egg laying?

A

30 weeks & they use controlled lighting

18
Q

How long do turkeys lay eggs? And how many eggs do they produce?

A

25 weeks & the produce 88-93 eggs

19
Q

How long do female turkeys need to molt before laying more eggs? How long can they be stimulated? How many eggs do they lay?

A

90 days, can produce only 75-80 days, can be stimulated for another 25 weeks

20
Q

Define mass selection and how is it effective?

A

best-performing males are mated to the best-performing females
effective in improving traits of high heritability

21
Q

Define family selection

A

all offspring from a particular mating are designated as a family and selection and culling within a population of birds and based on the performance level of the entire family

22
Q

Define outcrossing

A

mating of an individual to another in the same breed that is not related

23
Q

Define inbreeding

A

mating of related individuals or as the mating of individuals more closely related than the average of the flock the originated from

24
Q

How are inbred chickens produced?

A

developing inbred lines and then crossing them to produce chickens that exhibut hybrid vigor

25
Q

Define inbred lines

A

developed for crossing systems that used largely for increasing egg production

26
Q

Define strain crossing

A

crossing of two strains that possess similar egg-production traits

27
Q

Incubation time for chickens

A

21 days

28
Q

Incubation time for turkeys

A

28 days

29
Q

Incubation time for duck

A

28 days

30
Q

Incubation time for goose

A

28-32 days

31
Q

Incubation time for pheasant

A

24 days

32
Q

Incubation time for bobwhite quail

A

23 days

33
Q

Incubation time for guineas

A

27 days

34
Q

What is the proper temperature for successful chicken egg incubation?

A
  • Beginning - 99.5 - 00.0 F
  • Lowered slightly on fourth day (by .25 - .5 F) and this should stay constant until egg is transferred to a hatching facility (3 days before hatching)
  • Three days before hatching, lower the temp by 1.0 - .5 F
35
Q
A

Intro to Animal Science (9 decks)

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