Poultry Flashcards
Poultry Red Mite
Dermanyssus Gallinae
- nocturnal feeders
- Anaemia
- Tx: insecticide of the environment
Scaly leg mite
Knemidocptes Mutans
- Lesions on leg and unfeathered regions (thickened and crusted)
Tropical foul mite
Ornithonyssus Bursae
- infects feathers around vent
- entire life cycle on host
Black head/Infectious enterohepatitis
Histomonas Meleagridis
- necrosis of liver and cecum
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum
Respiratory signs
Marek’s disease
Herpes virus reportable aerosolized
- CS: paralysis of leg/wing, grey iris, raised feather follicles
- Dx: enlarged vagus/sciatic nerve, diffuse white tumours on organs
- Viral isolation from lymphocytes
- Tx: vaccination (in-vivo)
Infectious bronchitis
Corona virus aerosolised
- CS: coughing, sneezing, facial swelling
- Dx: PM - mucoid exudate, thickened air sac, interstitial nephritis
- Viral isolation in chick embryo
- Tx- abx + raise temperature by 5 degrees
Infectious Bursal Disease
Birna Virus (Gumbaro dz) reportable
- CS: Watery D+, incoordination, prostation
- Dx: Isolates from Bursa of Fabracius
- Tx: Vaccinate adults
Infectious Laryngotracheitis
Herpes Virus reportable
- highly contagious –> high mortality
- CS: Dyspnea, coughing, rales, blood tracheal discharge
- Dx: intranuclear inclusion bodies
- Tx - prevention + supportive care (vaccine can cause disease)
Reticuloendotheliosis
Retrovirus
- CS: Runting (wt loss, paleness, abnormal feathers); acute neoplasia (liver, spleen, intestines, heart)
- Dx: Anaemia, virus isolation
- no treatment
Choline Deficiency
- Stunting, poor feathering, short thick bowed legs
- Chondrodysplasia
Avian encephalomyelitis
Picornavirus
- vertical transmission; faecal-oral
- CS: Ataxia, head/wing tremors
- Dx: Axon-type degeneration (ghost cells)
- Tx: vaccinate 10-15 week old
Avian fowlpox
Poxivirus two forms
Dry: slow spreading; LOW mortality
- Raised wart-like white lesions on unfeathered regions; decrease egg production
Wet: fast spreading; HIGH mortality
- Oral cavity + resp. tract infection (ulcerated MM)
Newcastle disease
Paramyxovirus reportable zoonotic
3 Strains - Velogenic (highly contagious); mesogenic (intermediate); Lentogenic (low)
- CS: D+, Respiratory (gasping, coughing, sneezing), neuro (droops wings/legs, circling, torticollis, paralysis)
- Dx: viral isolation
- Tx: vaccination
Malabsorption syndome
Complex multifactorial cause
- poor growth and rough feathering
- orange intestinal content
Brooder pneumonia
Aspergillus
- CS: Respiratory signs
- Dx: cream coloured plaque throughout lungs
- Tx: cull all birds + disinfect environment
Bluecomb
Transmissible enteritis
Corona virus
- CS: depression, anorexia, D+; cyanosis; darkened head
- Dx: antigen in intestines
- Tx: supportive care
Avian tuberculosis
Mycobacterium Avium var Avium
- CS: wt loss, lethargy, lameness
- Dx: PM - granulomatous nodules (liver, spleen, intestines)
Thrush
Sour Crop
Candidiasis
- CS: white raised ulcers; thickened mucosa; foul smell
- Tx: copper sulphate in water
Coryza
Bordetella Avium or Avibacterium paragallinarum
- Acute Respiratory disease (nasal discharge, foamy eyes)
- Viral isolation
- Vaccinate
Fowl Cholera
Pasturella multicida
- acute death - dyspnoea, mucoid discharge (mouth), D+
- Cytology of blood/tissue
- Oxytetracycline + prevention
Avian Erysipelas
Streptococcus
- Acute death, ataxia, weakness
- PM - darkening of skin; enlarged liver and spleen
- intramuscular sodium penicillin
Necrotic enteritis
Clostridium perfringens (A and C)
- Acute enterotoxaemia - HIGH mortality
- inappetence, haemorrhagic D+
- necrotic material at distal intestines
- abx in feed or water
Chlamydia psittaci
highly contagious Reportable
- nasal/ocular discharge, infraorbital swelling, D+
- Culture and sensitivity
- Oral doxy
Avian Influenza
Influenza virus reportable zoonotic
- highly contagious
- D+; neurological signs; cyanosis of head and appendages
- Viral isolation in eggs
Psittacine Beak and Feather disease
Circovirus
- feather loss/dystrophy; beak defects
- inclusion bodies in skin and feathers
- supportive care
Proventricular Dilation Disease
Wasting disease
Borna virus
- regurgitation, vomiting, wt loss
- passage of undigested food, abdominal and crop distention
- ataxia, tremors, seizures
- dilated gastrointestinal tract
- Lymphoplasmocytic ganglioneuritis
Pacheco’s disease
Herpes virus
- highly contagious - high morbidity and mortality
- sudden death; lethargy, anorexia, D+, green urates
- neurological signs
- Hepatic inclusion bodies
