Posture

Question 1

describe the posture of pt c chronic stroke

Answer 1

altered postural alignment

so dapat i guide si pelvis in quiet standing and their other movements

Question 2

postural control vs postural orientation

Answer 2

postural control: controlling body’s position in space for stability and orientation
- includes postural reactions

postural orientation: maintain appropriate relationship bet body, body segments and environment

Question 3

what is postural stability

Answer 3

aka balance

ability to maintain COM over the BOS

Question 4

what are postural adjustments

Answer 4

patterns of muscle activation and control of segments that allows control reactive to BOS

anticipatory
on going
reactive

Question 5

anticipatory adjustment

Answer 5

adjust in preparation to the task or challenge; squatting when catching

Question 6

on going adjustment

Answer 6

adjust during movement; reaching - trunk moves forward

Question 7

reactive adjustment

Answer 7

adjust d/t perturbations; push = lean

Question 8

what are the body systems essential for maintaining balance

Answer 8

vestibular

visual

somatosensory

Question 9

relate vestibular system to balance

Answer 9

1st system that works - upon birth

baby is able to perceive if in supine, prone, sitting

Question 10

relate visual system to balance

Answer 10

next to develop

baby is able to see differently in different positions

Question 11

relate somatosensory system to balance

Answer 11

last to develop

proprioception of joints

Question 12

what are the muscles working to counter act GRF

Answer 12

erector spinae
iliopsoas
abdominals
g meds
TFL
biceps fem
gastrocs
tib ants
soleus

Question 13

what are the different adapting motor strategies

Answer 13

ankle
hip
stepping

strategies depend on degree of perturbation and environment; also the strength and ROM of an individual

Question 14

forward sway ankle strategy

Answer 14

gastrocs
hams
paraspinals

Question 15

forward sway hip strategy

Answer 15

abs and quads

Question 16

backwards sway ankle strategy

Answer 16

abdominals
quads
tib ants

Question 17

backwards sway hip strategy

Answer 17

paraspinals and hams

Question 18

exp stepping strategy

Answer 18

hop or step to catch COG inside BOS

if hip and ankle strategy is not enough to adapt

Question 19

explain mediolateral stability

Answer 19

occurs at hip and trunk

unloaded - flexors and abductors

loaded - extensors and adductors

use diff strats for diff muscle groups

Question 20

factors influencing sitting balance

Answer 20

initial alignment

presence of feet support

distance of reach

Question 21

factors influencing standing balance

Answer 21

initial alignment

forthcoming movement

speed and ampli of movement

Question 22

common probs on post stroke pts in terms of balance

Answer 22

widened BOS

shifting to normal side

stiffening of body to control

slow movements

moving trunk instead of distal to maintain BOS

avoiding perturbations/challenges

disuse of affected side

improper posture

using of hands to support

Question 23

goals of rehabilitation

Answer 23

maintain COG over BOS in any activity

develop the strategies to perturbations

prevent or reduce impairments in systems affecting balance - ROM, MMT

inc LE strength and coordination

refrain functional tasks c varying postural control demands

Question 24

training guidelines on initiating balance training

Answer 24

more of head and trunk movements muna then reaching

sitted or standing

master quiet breathing

Question 25

training guidelines on maximizing balance training

Answer 25

inc distance of reaching

vary speed

dec support

inc object weight and size

use external timing constraint - catching a ball

Question 26

training guidelines on standing balance training

Answer 26

head and body movements muna

reaching

then narrow stance to SL

side ways walking to inc lateral stab

picking up objects