Posture Flashcards
describe the posture of pt c chronic stroke
altered postural alignment
so dapat i guide si pelvis in quiet standing and their other movements
postural control vs postural orientation
postural control: controlling body’s position in space for stability and orientation
- includes postural reactions
postural orientation: maintain appropriate relationship bet body, body segments and environment
what is postural stability
aka balance
ability to maintain COM over the BOS
what are postural adjustments
patterns of muscle activation and control of segments that allows control reactive to BOS
anticipatory
on going
reactive
anticipatory adjustment
adjust in preparation to the task or challenge; squatting when catching
on going adjustment
adjust during movement; reaching - trunk moves forward
reactive adjustment
adjust d/t perturbations; push = lean
what are the body systems essential for maintaining balance
vestibular
visual
somatosensory
relate vestibular system to balance
1st system that works - upon birth
baby is able to perceive if in supine, prone, sitting
relate visual system to balance
next to develop
baby is able to see differently in different positions
relate somatosensory system to balance
last to develop
proprioception of joints
what are the muscles working to counter act GRF
erector spinae
iliopsoas
abdominals
g meds
TFL
biceps fem
gastrocs
tib ants
soleus
what are the different adapting motor strategies
ankle
hip
stepping
strategies depend on degree of perturbation and environment; also the strength and ROM of an individual
forward sway ankle strategy
gastrocs
hams
paraspinals
forward sway hip strategy
abs and quads
backwards sway ankle strategy
abdominals
quads
tib ants
backwards sway hip strategy
paraspinals and hams
exp stepping strategy
hop or step to catch COG inside BOS
if hip and ankle strategy is not enough to adapt
explain mediolateral stability
occurs at hip and trunk
unloaded - flexors and abductors
loaded - extensors and adductors
use diff strats for diff muscle groups
factors influencing sitting balance
initial alignment
presence of feet support
distance of reach
factors influencing standing balance
initial alignment
forthcoming movement
speed and ampli of movement
common probs on post stroke pts in terms of balance
widened BOS
shifting to normal side
stiffening of body to control
slow movements
moving trunk instead of distal to maintain BOS
avoiding perturbations/challenges
disuse of affected side
improper posture
using of hands to support
goals of rehabilitation
maintain COG over BOS in any activity
develop the strategies to perturbations
prevent or reduce impairments in systems affecting balance - ROM, MMT
inc LE strength and coordination
refrain functional tasks c varying postural control demands
training guidelines on initiating balance training
more of head and trunk movements muna then reaching
sitted or standing
master quiet breathing
training guidelines on maximizing balance training
inc distance of reaching
vary speed
dec support
inc object weight and size
use external timing constraint - catching a ball
training guidelines on standing balance training
head and body movements muna
reaching
then narrow stance to SL
side ways walking to inc lateral stab
picking up objects
