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PT 10117 - Neuro Eval and Interv > Cognitive Dysfunctions > Flashcards

Cognitive Dysfunctions Flashcards

1
Q

what is cognition

A

process of knowing, awareness, reasoning, judgement, intuition and memory

involved in perceiving information

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2
Q

what is perceiving/perception

A

we feel emotions/emotions then isolate to make sense of them

select stimuli and integrate them to interpret

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3
Q

components of cognition

A

executive functions

attention

memory

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4
Q

discuss executive functions

A

planning, problem solving, recognizing errors and abstract thinking

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5
Q

discuss attention

A

ability to select and attend to stimulus while suppressing extraneous stimuli

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6
Q

discuss memory

A

allows individual to store experiences and perception to recall at a later time

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7
Q

what makes cognitive rehabilitation unique

A

allows pt to recover from functional disability cause by cognitive disease

adapt environment and using alternative strategies

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8
Q

what is the role of PTs in cognitive rehab

A

dapat alam mo what the usual cognitive impairments are in stroke, TBI

for you to know how you will approach exam and treatment

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9
Q

what to watch out for in pt’s with cognitive impairments

A

inability to do simple tasks

diff in initiating or completing a task

diff switching tasks

diminished capacity to locate objects

unable to follow one-step commands ket good cognitions - aphasia

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10
Q

what are the approaches to cognitive rehab

A

remedial approach - gusto ma improve through practice and repetition and improving cognition

compensatory approach - top-down; improve tasks over the cognitive impairment

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11
Q

strategies in remediation approach

A

matching - match red cones with each other

sorting - put together red and blue cones

recognising - pick out red cones from other color

identifying - where is the red cone

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12
Q

strategies for addressing memory

A

chunk items together

mnemonics

ask questions

memory aids - calendars, alarm clock

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13
Q

strategies for addressing selective attention

A

remove irrelevant stimuli - walk in // s obstacles

enhance and intensify important info - bold letters, highlighting

address internal distractions- anxiety etc; relaxation

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14
Q

strategies for addressing divided attention

A

separate tasks - one at a time

work towards making one or more tasks automatic - bit by bit

practice doing tasks together - walk while conversing

common in PD

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15
Q

strategies for addressing sustained attention

A

slow down rate of giving info

make stim easy to detect

sched diff task when well rested and preferred time of day

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16
Q

strategies for addressing problem solving

A

practice prob solving - allow trial and error tas correct nila sarili nila

prevent or eliminate common probs in specific tasks

17
Q

strategies for addressing decision making

A

limit number of options

step back and think through important decisions

ask others for input

teach indiv about potential biases

18
Q

strategies for addressing metacognition

A

teach pt to ask self before doing tasks

evaluate own performance

reflection in action

19
Q

strategies for addressing automatic processing

A

target tasks that have potential to be automatic

simplify tasks tas consistent reps

20
Q

strategies for addressing schemas and scripts

A

schemas and scripts - concepts in our mind

write out or use pics to shows steps of task

order obj in sequence of task

repeatedly practice the sequence

21
Q

strategies in compensatory approach

A

labels

beepers

signs

symbols

alarms

22
Q

allen’s cognitive level 1: automatic actions

A

able to perform only very basic - eating and drinking

response is instinctive

23
Q

allen’s cognitive level 1 tx

A

one word commands and sensory stim

cue: subliminal
motor actions: auto/reflex
purpose: arousal
experience: indistinct
attention span: seconds
activities: sensory stim

24
Q

allen’s cognitive level 2: postural actions

A

like RLA 3-4 - RLA 4 talaga kase awake and agit

aware of movements of muscle and joints
watches movement of others
may be resistive or easily agit

25
Q

allen’s cognitive level 2: postural actions tx

A

gross motor c simple verbal directions

cue: proprio; AROM, AAROM
motor action: postural
purpose: comfort
experience: moving
attention span: minutes
activities: gross motor

26
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 3: manual actions

A

robotic; one step at a time
can focus on external environment - easily distracted
purposeful actions - RLA 5-6

ableto attend environment esp tactile cues pero easily distracted

27
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 3: manual actions tx

A

repetitive practice
manip objects
can provide sense of routine
maybe wala carry-over

cue: tactile
motor action: manual
purpose: interest
experience: touching
attention span: half-hours
activities: simple repetitive tasks

28
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 4: goal-directed actions

A

di na robotic more of goals na

can respond to visual motor cues pero one at a time lang
more goal-oriented

29
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 4: goal-directed actions tx

A

visual demo
one step at a time
situation-specific training

cue: visual
motor action: goal-directed
purpose: compliance
experience: seeing
attention span: hours
activities: simple several step tasks

30
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 5: exploratory actions

A

trial and error and prob solving
less robotic
visual instructions
can remember but hirap sa abstract

31
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 5: exploratory actions tx

A

visual and verbal exp na concrete
assist c planning ahead
select or mod tasks to reduce prob solving

cue: relate/all senses
motor action: exploratory
purpose: self-control
experience: inductive reasoning
attention span: weeks
activities: concrete tasks

32
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 6: planned actions

A

can make sense of symbols and abstract
plans ahead
error and prob solv
pauses to think

33
Q

alllen’s cognitive level 6: planned actions tx

A

verbal and written instructions
has carry-over

cue: symbolic
motor action: planned
purpose: reflection/metacognition
experience: deductive reasoning
attention span: complete
activities: conceptual and complex tasks

34
Q

what is the last step in cognitive rehab

A

establish behavioral routines and habit sequences

35
Q

significance of establish behavioral routines and habit sequences

A

checklist para guided sila sa gagawin nila

PT 10117 - Neuro Eval and Interv (16 decks)

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