Motor Control & Motor Learning Flashcards
Motor Control
ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement
conscious effort to control and direct movements
directed at studying the nature of movement and how that movement is controlled
Motor Control Stages
Mobility
Stability
Controlled Mobility
Skill
Mobility
erratic movements of limb with no purpose
Stability
able to assume positions of stability
ex. ability of child to do prone
Controlled Mobility
can now weight shift and assume positions of instability without losing balance
Skill
high level of motor control, very efficient, no errors
Theories of Motor Control
Reflex Theory
Hierarchical Theory
Systems Theory
Ecological Theory
Motor Programming Theory
Reflex Theory
stimulus in order to get a response
sensory input, motor output
unrealistic as movement is not just unidirectional
Hierarchical Theory
top-down approach
brain controls the lower centers and movement
good model in explaining cases to pts
has limitations bc not all movements need thinking
Systems Theory
considers not just the brain and nervous system but also other systems (msk)
appreciates that neurological conditions can also have presentations that are msk/orthopedic
disadvantage: does not completely consider the environment where the pt will move
Ecological Theory
controlling our motion/movement given by the stimulus from our environment
Motor Programming Theory
Stimulation Identification Stage
Response Selection Stage (motor plan)
Response Programming Stage (motor program)
Individual Task Environment (ITE) Model
Individual, Task, Environment
Movement at the center
Movement: task-specific, constrained by the environment, and dependent on the capacity and skills of the individual
Individual Component
Cognition: follow instructions
Action: strength and range of motion
Perception: can perceive things correctly
Task Component
Manipulation: interplay of speed and accuracy
Stability: does movement have higher requirement for stability
Mobility: does movement have higher requirement for mobility