Motor Control & Motor Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Motor Control

A

ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement

conscious effort to control and direct movements

directed at studying the nature of movement and how that movement is controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Motor Control Stages

A

Mobility
Stability
Controlled Mobility
Skill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mobility

A

erratic movements of limb with no purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stability

A

able to assume positions of stability
ex. ability of child to do prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Controlled Mobility

A

can now weight shift and assume positions of instability without losing balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Skill

A

high level of motor control, very efficient, no errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Theories of Motor Control

A

Reflex Theory
Hierarchical Theory
Systems Theory
Ecological Theory
Motor Programming Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Reflex Theory

A

stimulus in order to get a response
sensory input, motor output

unrealistic as movement is not just unidirectional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hierarchical Theory

A

top-down approach
brain controls the lower centers and movement
good model in explaining cases to pts

has limitations bc not all movements need thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Systems Theory

A

considers not just the brain and nervous system but also other systems (msk)
appreciates that neurological conditions can also have presentations that are msk/orthopedic

disadvantage: does not completely consider the environment where the pt will move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ecological Theory

A

controlling our motion/movement given by the stimulus from our environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Motor Programming Theory

A

Stimulation Identification Stage
Response Selection Stage (motor plan)
Response Programming Stage (motor program)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Individual Task Environment (ITE) Model

A

Individual, Task, Environment
Movement at the center

Movement: task-specific, constrained by the environment, and dependent on the capacity and skills of the individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Individual Component

A

Cognition: follow instructions
Action: strength and range of motion
Perception: can perceive things correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Task Component

A

Manipulation: interplay of speed and accuracy
Stability: does movement have higher requirement for stability
Mobility: does movement have higher requirement for mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Environment Component

A

Regulatory: capacity of the individual to move has to change depending on the environment (ex. wt, resistance, size, distance, color (therabands), shape, music for exercise (fast beats = exercise, slower music = relaxation)

Non-Regulatory: individual does not need to change movements (ex. colors, noise, music, radio)

17
Q

Motor Learning

A

study of the acquisition and/or modification of movement
composed of internal processes associated w/ practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes

18
Q

Motor Control

A

control and organization of processes underlying motor behavior

milliseconds

19
Q

Motor Learning

A

acquisition of skill through practice and experience

hours, days, weeks

20
Q

Motor Development

A

age-related processes of change in motor behavior; milestones in children

months, years, decades

21
Q

Motor Performance

A

change in behavior is only temporary or short-lived

ex. contest, olympics

22
Q

Recovery of Function

A

reacquisition of movement skills that were lost following a pathology

23
Q

Retention

A

ability of the individual to demonstrate the learned skill over time and after a period of no practice

dati mong alam na skill, until now alam mo pa rin

24
Q

Generalizability

A

ability to apply a learned skill to the learning of a similar skill

25
Q

Resistance to Contextual Change

A

capability to perform a learned skill in altered environmental situations

26
Q

Implicit Learning

A

reflexive, automatic, habitual

non-associative learning
associative learning
procedural learning

no formal education/coach wtvr pero u learned it

27
Q

Explicit Learning

A

awareness, attention, reflection

u had formal education/teacher/coach that taught u a step by step process on how

28
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

aka neural adaptation

about driving changes in the structure and function of the nervous system with repeated and attended practice

29
Q

Neuroplasticity Concepts

A

Use it or Lose it; Use it & Improve on it
Be specific, repetitive, and intensive
Age matters
Patient expectation matters
Rewards and feedback matter

30
Q

Stages of Motor Learning: Fitts and Posner

A

Cognitive: ano gagawin
Associative: pano ko gagawin
Autonomous: pano ako gagaling

31
Q

Stages of Motor Learning: Systems

A

Novice
Advanced
Expert

32
Q

Stages of Motor Learning: Gentile

A

Getting the idea of the movement
Movement fixation/diversification

33
Q

Optimizing Skill Acquisition

A

practice makes perfect
feedback is good
function-induced recovery–

34
Q

Intrinsic Feedback

A

from the pt

35
Q

Extrinsic Feedback

A

Knowledge of Results (KR): feedback after the performance of the task

Knowledge of Performance (KP): feedback during the performance of the action