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EXCI 380 > Postural Control, Balance and Mobility > Flashcards

Postural Control, Balance and Mobility Flashcards

1
Q

Posture represents

A

the overall position of the body and limbs relative to one another and their representation in space

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2
Q

Postures can be in _____ and ______ conditions

A

Static

Dynamic

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3
Q

Postural control involves controlling body’s ______ in space for the dual purposes of _______and ________

A

Position
Stability
Orientation

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4
Q

Which test can be used to measure stability limits

A

Reach tests

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5
Q

1-COM (center of mass):

A

Point that is at the center of the total body mass

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6
Q

Increasing stability limits in older adults and individuals with neurological conditions results in?

A

decreased risk for falls

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7
Q

BOS (base of support):
The area underneath and between .
______length of the foot + ______ width of stance

A

Both feet
Anteroposterior
mediolateral

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8
Q

COP (center of pressure):

A

Vertical projection of the COM

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9
Q

Stability limits

A

Boundaries of an area of space in which the body can maintain its position without changing the base of support

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10
Q

Balance dictates ______ ____

A

Postural Alignment

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11
Q

Postural Orientation

A

The way you position yourself in space - biomechanical alignment of the body + orientation of the body vs. environment

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12
Q

True is false. Postural Stability is the same thing a balance?

A

true

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13
Q

Postural Stability is the ability to?

A

stay still in a certain position

maintain the projected centre of mass within stability limits (without changing the base of support)

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14
Q

The ability to maintain the _________within stability limits (without changing the base of support) Is referred to as what?

A 
projected centre of mass 
Postural Stability (balance)
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15
Q

true or false. Orientation & Stability demands change with each task

A

True

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16
Q

Postural control requires both

A 
Neural system (perception)
Musculoskeletal system
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17
Q

Physical Impairments.

Conditions involving _________ systems can lead to deficits in postural ______ and stability. Why?

A

neurological
Orientation
because of impairments to neuro + musculo systems

18
Q

Postural control is under how many control systems. What are they?

A

UNDER THESE 2 CONTROL SYSTEMS
Anticipatory postural control
Reactive postural control

19
Q

Advance planning of actions is an example of which control system?

A

Anticipatory

20
Q

Actions that cannot be planned in advance due to the unexpected nature of an event is an example of which control system?

A

Reactive postural control

21
Q

Goal of postural movement strategies: To _____ the COM of the body to a position of ____following a loss of ______

A

restore
stability
balance

22
Q

Postural responses are activated in response to _____, ______and ______ inputs

A

proprioceptive
visual
vestibular

23
Q

How many strategies are there to restore COG? what are they?

A

3
Ankle strategy
Hip strategy
Stepping strategy

24
Q

In reaction to larger and faster perturbations and when support surface is smaller than the feet. Which Strategy is used?

A

Hip strategy

25
Q

Restore COM to a position of stability through body movement centered primarily about the ankle joints

A

Ankle strategy

26
Q

Which is always the first strategy?

A

Ankle strategy

27
Q

When ankle and hip strategies are insufficient to recover balance, a step or hop is used to bring the support base into alignment under the COM. Which one kicks in?

A

Stepping strategy ( marks the end of the limit of stability )

28
Q

Is the last strategy to be used

A

Stepping strategy

29
Q

What are Senses contributing to postural control?

A

Visual system
Somatosensory system
Vestibular system

30
Q

Position and motion of the head & body with respect to surrounding objects
Reference for verticality
Very important for participants with neurological conditions…Which sense

A

Visual system

31
Q

Horizontal info input

A

2.Somatosensory system

32
Q

Vertical info input

A

1.Visual system

33
Q

Provides Information about head position and motion

A

Vestibular system

34
Q

Can a loss of any of these systems be compensated by the other 2 systems?

A

yes

35
Q

It appears that under normal conditions, the nervous system may weigh the importance of ______________ info for postural control more heavily than vision and __________ inputs

A

Somatosensory

Vestibular

36
Q

Neurological lesions : people rely predominantly on :_______ during the early part of their balance recovery process and then use more _______ inputs

A

Vision

Somatosensory

37
Q

Neurological lesions : people rely predominantly on :_______ during the early part of their balance recovery process and then use more _______ inputs

A

Vision

Somatosensory

38
Q

True or false. Reducing the availability of 2 senses appears to have a significant effect on postural steadiness in healthy older adults

A

True

39
Q

Reducing the availability of ______ appears to have a significant effect on postural steadiness in healthy older adults

A

two sense

40
Q

can older adults perform double-legged stance using only one accurate sense.

A

Yes, but not very well

41
Q

In older adults which system doesn’t work well?

A

Vestibular

42
Q

To maintain standing balance, elderly people with vestibular loss need their… _______ or their ________ ___________

A

VISION

or Somatosensory function

EXCI 380 (13 decks)

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