Postural Assessment Flashcards
What is posture?
A set of muscle contractions that place the body in the necessary location from which a movement is performed (Enoka)
What is good posture?
Position in which minimum stress is placed on each joint
What is faulty posture?
Any position that increases stress on joints
What is ideal spinal posture?
Head straight on shoulders Shoulders and clavicles level Arms equidistant from trunk Normal spinal curve Fluteal folds and knee joints even Patellae points forward Achilles tendon and heels appear to be straight Evident arches
What are anatomic causes for bad posture?
Bony Contours Ligamentous Laxity Tissue Tightness Muscle Tonus Pelvic Angle Joint Position & Mobility Neurogenic outflow and inflow
Whare are some positional causes for bad posture?
Habit Psychosocial Muscle Imbalance Pain Respiratory and other conditions
What are some structural causes for bad posture?
Congenital deformities
Leg length
What does a forward head mean?
Tight:
Cervical Extensors
Upper Trapezius
Weak:
Deep Cervical Flexors
What do Protracted Shoulders mean?
Tight:
Pectoralis group
Latissimus Dorsi
Weak:
Scapular Retractors
What does an Anterior Pelvic Tilt mean?
Tight:
Hip Flexors
Lumbar Extensors
Weak:
Gluteal Group
Abdominal Muscles
What does a Posterior Pelvic Tilt mean?
Tight:
Hamstrings
Abdominal Muslces
Weak:
Hip Flexors
Lumbar Extensors
What is the Kinetic Chain?
A series of adjacent segments in which movements at one joint causes a series of reactions in other joints
What are the 6 main parts of the Kinetic Chain?
Cervical Spine Thoraco-Lumbar Spine S-I Joints Hip Joints Knee Joints Foot and Ankle
Why do the Squat Assessment?
Assess functional strength Assess flexibility Assess neuromuscular efficiency Look for compensatory movement patterns Any alteration in muscle recruitment that could be a result of decreased range of motion, instability, or weakness
What is the optimal alignment for squat stance?
Feet straight ahead Knees aligned over 2nd and 3rd toes Hips in neutral position Draw naval in Bring arms straight overhead facing medial Shoes off, pants above knees
In a squat, what do feet turning out mean?
Weak: Calves Knee (behind) Inner Thigh Hamstring Butt
In a squat, what doe knees caving in mean?
Weak: Butt Big Inner Thigh Hamstring Calves
In a squat, what do knees moving outward mean?
Weak:
Adductors (pulling medially)
Butt
In a squat, what does excessive forward lean mean?
Weak:
Shins
Butt
Spine
In a squat, what does a low back arch mean?
Weak:
Butt
Hamstring
Core stabilizers
In a squat, what does a low back round mean?
Weak butt
Weak spine
Weak core stilibizers
In a squat, what do arms falling forward mean?
Weak: Mid/Lower Traps Rhomboids Rotator Cuff Rear Shoulder
In a squat, what does a forward head mean?
Weak:
Neck
In a squat, what doe shoulder elevation mean?
Weak:
Mid/lower traps
Rhomboids
Rotator Cuff
In a squat, what does a flattening foot mean?
Weak: Front Shins Behind foot/shin Calves Middle Butt
In a squat, what does a heel rise mean?
Weak:
Shins
In a squat, what does an asymmetrical weight shift mean?
Weak: middle butt (same side) adductor complex (same side (pulling medially)
