Postural assessment Flashcards
a placement of each part of the body in the most appropriate position or a position in which hold their bodies
posture
why is posture important
it provides stability during muscular activities
forms the basis of movement
a posture achieved when in relaxation form such as sleeping or resting
inactive posture
a posture where muscular activities needed it can be in static or dynamic state
active posture
different btn static and dynamic posture
static is when body is aligned and maintained in certain position while dynamic is when in mvmnt
maintaining the stability of the body as a whole and body segments ‘against gravity’ or mvmnt of other body segments
postural control
an efferent answer to afferent impulse
reflex
afferent pathway
from eyes,the vestibular apparatus and proprioceptive
they are formed by neural network in brainstem and spinal cord
integrating centers
efferent pathway
alpha motor neurons supply various skeletal muscles
mechanoreceptors
muscle spindle and Golgi tendon organ
what does vestibular apparatus consist of
semicircular canals [ horizontal, superior and posterior canal] and otoliths
osseous ampulla
found at the end of each canal consist of crista ampulla [hairy] for rotational movement
what does utricle and saccule do
they provide info about acceleration in which utricle for horizontal and saccule for vertical
a visual sensation which is a righting sensation that enables head and body to restore erection
eye
a reflex that corrects orientation of the body and it is initiated by vestibular system
labyrinthine righting reflex
a reflex acting to stabilize gaze during head movement with eye mvmnt due activation of vestibular system
VOR
vestibular ocular reflex
what makes a body in upright position
muscle contractions
which muscles are mostly involved in muscle contractions
antigravity muscles
extensors
multipennate eg deltoid
slow twitch
aerobic type
when is a posture considered a good posture
when is maximum efficiency with minimum effort
vertical line drawn through the body center of gravity usually 1 to 2 cm anterior to S2
gravity line
body types
ectomorph = skinny, very low-fat mass and taller
mesomorph= normal type
endomorph= fat in excess, hard to drop weight
postural assessments methods
visual observation
plumbline= determine gravity line in standing position
goniometry
photographic and digitization
radiographic
photogrammetric
what is the purpose of plumbline
used to determine where gravity line passes in standing position
