postoperative care and pulmonary embolism Flashcards
1
Q
postoperative period
A
immediately after surgery until pt is discharged or makes a full recovery
1
Q
common causes of airway compromise in postop
A
- obstruction
- hypoxemia
-hypoventilation
2
Q
nursing management: respiratory complication
A
- assess airway patency
- assess symmetry, depth and rate of respirations
- assess sputum or mucus
3
Q
nursing implementation: respiratory complications
A
- deep breathing and coughing
- incentive spirometer
- reposition q1-2h
- ambulation
- pain control
- hydration
4
Q
potential alterations in cardiac function postop
A
- fluid and electrolyte imbalances alter cardiac function
- fluid retention as a result of stress response
- hypokalemia
- DVT
- pulmonary embolism
- syncope
5
Q
nursing assessment for cardiovascular conditions postop
A
- VS q15min until stable
- assess apcial-radial pulse
- assess skin colour, temp, moisture
6
Q
nursing implementations for cardiovascular conditions postop
A
- intake and output
- labs
- leg exercises
- compression socks
- heparin
- ambulation
7
Q
potential alterations in psychological function postop
A
- anxiety
- depression
- confusion
- delirium
8
Q
nursing implementations for psychological function postop
A
- observe and evaluate behaviour
- listen and talk with pt
- offer explanations
- include pt in discharge planning
9
Q
care of postoperative pt on clinical unit
A
- PACU gives report
- receiving nurse assists with transfer onto bed
- VS
- assessment
- initiation of postop orders
9
Q
planning for discharge after surgery
A
- pt must be mobile, alert, and can provide a degree of self care
- controlled pain
- pt near preop functioning
- dietary restrictions or mods
- symptoms to be reported
- instructions for follow-up care
- answer questions and concerns
10
Q
age related considerations: pt after surgery
A
- decrease in resp function
- decrease in ability to cough
- decrease thoracic compliance
- compromised cardiac function
- hypertension
- drug toxicity
- postoperative delirium
11
Q
pulmonary embolism
A
- blockage of pulmonary arteries
- blocks perfusion to alveoli
12
Q
CM of a PE
A
- classic triad - dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis
- hypoxemia with low PaCO2
- cough
- crackles
- fever
- tachycardia
- changes in mental status
13
Q
diagnosis of PE
A
- spiral CT
- ventilation perfusion (VQ) scan
- D-dimer
- ABG
- chest xray
- ECG
