postlab Flashcards
What is the study of animal behavior called?
Ethology
What is Ethology concerned with in animals?
With everything that the animals do and how they do it, including actions like movement, sound production, and learning.
how many components can behavior broken into?
3 major components
what are the three major components of behavior?
Stimuli, Neural integration, response
Stimuli
That initiate the behavior. Usually these stimuli are detected by sensory receptors such as those for sight, touch, sound, temperature, or chemicals. The stimuli may originate from sources external to the organism or from internal conditions such as hunger or thirst.
Neural integration
The stimuli are evaluated by the central nervous system, which then determines the response. the response is one that has evolved through natural selection, and therefore, is adaptive and usually (but not always) favor the survival of the animal.
Response
usually a pattern of nerve impulses directed by the central nervous system and the sequence of muscle contractions that they initiate.
Innate
Instinctive behaviors, being those are carried out regardless of prior experiences.
Orientation behaviors
those that place the animal in its most favorable environment.
taxis
If an animal moves either toward or away from a stimulus.
Kinesis
If an animal’s movement is completely random and does not result in directed movement with respect to a stimulus.
If an organism responds to an area of higher temperature by moving away from it.
Taxis ( negative thermotaxis)
if the organism’s response is to move in all directions in a totally random manner.
Kinesis
What other stimuli can affect behavior?
exposure to light and humid environment.
Brine shrimp
phylum Arthropoda and belong to the class Branchiopoda, the family Artemiidae and genus Artemia.
Which same phylum does Artemia belongs to?
terrestrial isopods
What do terrestrial phylum includes
pill bugs
Artemia are also known as?
colloquially as sea monkeys
What do Artemia produce?
dormant eggs called cysts, which can lay dormant for long periods and hatched on demand, ; leading to their extensive use in aquaculture as live feed for fish and crustaceans.
What has two widely separated compound eyes mounted on short but flexible stalks?
Artemia
What sensing organs does Artemia have?
Light
moving away
is negative taxis
moving toward
postive taxis
what are planarians
flatworms of the phylum platyhelmintes and belong to the class turbellaria, the family planriidae and genus planaria.
where do planarians live?
in marine and freshwater environment along with some terrestrial members that live beneath rotting logs.
which animals first develop signal transference between nerve, via the chemical messenger acetylcholine
flatworm
What do planaria lack ?
a cardiovascular system but have a highly branched digestive tract.
In planaria how are nutrients delivered to the body?
vis process called diffusion.
what is the t-test
a statistical test that compares the mean and standard deviation of two sets of data to show whether there is a significant difference between them.
What is a paired t- test used for?
to compare two populations means where you have two samples in which observations in one sample can be paired with observations in the other. The paired t-test is a commonly used to compare before and after observations on the same subjects.
