Posterior Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
What are muscles in the posterior compartment collectively known as?
Hamstring Muscles
How many muscles are in the posterior compartment?
three
Name the muscles of the posterior compartment
Semitendinosus; semimembranosus; biceps femoris
What is the function of the posterior compartment muscles?
Act to extend the hip and flex the knee
Attachment sites for Semitendinosus
origin: ischial tuberosity
inserts: into medial surface of the superior tibia
Attachment sites for Semimembranosus
origin: ischial tuberosity
inserts: into posterior surface of media condyle of tibia
Which nerve supplies muscles of semimembranous and semitendinosus?
Tibial division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Which nerve supplies the long head of the biceps femoris?
Tibial division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Which nerve supplies the short head of the biceps femoris?
Common Peroneal Division of Sciatic (L5, S1, S2)
Where is the common insertion point of the Biceps Femoris heads?
Head of Fibula
Where does the Long head of the Biceps Femoris originate?
Ischial Tuberosity
Where does the short head of the Biceps Femoris originate?
Linea Aspera and Lateral Supracondyler line of Femur
When can small amounts of rotation occur in the knee?
When the knee is flexed
Which muscle allows lateral rotation of knee when flexed?
Biceps Femoris
Which muscles allow medial rotation of the knee when flexed?
Semimembranosus; Semitendinosus; Gracilis and Sartorius
Where does the Sciatic nerve run?
Deep to Biceps Femoris
What are the terminal divisions of the Sciatic Nerve?
Tibial and Common Peroneal (Fibular) divisions
What creates the roof of the Popliteal Fossa?
Deep fascia
What pierces the roof of the Popliteal Fossa?
Sural nerve and Short Saphenous vein
What are the superior boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa?
Diverging tendons of the Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris laterally and Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus medially.
What are the inferior boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa?
Medial and Lateral heads of Gastrocnemius
What are the contents of the Popliteal Fossa? (Medial & deep to superficial & lateral)
Popliteal artery, popliteal vein, terminal branches of Sciatic (Tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve)
What is the roof of the popliteal fossa made up of?
popliteus muscle, knee joint capsule and the posterior surface of the femur
Which vessels supply the cruciate ligaments?
Middle genicular vessels (pierce through joint capsule)
Function of Oblique Popliteal ligament?
Reinforces knee joint capsule, is an expansion of semimembranosus
What is the Popliteal Artery a continuation from?
the Femoral Artery
Where does the Popliteal Artery run from?
From the adductor hiatus to the Inferior border of Popliteus muscle
What are the 5 genicular branches of the Popliteal artery?
the superior lateral, superior medial, middle, inferior lateral, and inferior medial genicular arteries
Name the terminal branches of the Popliteal artery
Anterior Tibial and Posterior Tibial Arteries
