Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards
Function of Anterior Compartment
flexes hip, extends knee joint
Function of the Medial Compartment
adducts the hip
Function of the Posterior Compartment
extends the hip and flexes at the knee
Name the hip flexor muscles
Iliacus; Psoas Major; Pectineus; Sartorius
Name the knee extender muscles
4 Quadriceps: Rectus Femoris; Vastus Medialis, Lateralis and Intermedius
Which nerve innervates Iliacus?
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Attachment sites of Iliacis?
Origin: iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligament
Insertion: Creates iliopsoas > attaches to psoas tendon and lesser trochanter
Which nerve supplies Psoas Major?
Anterior Rami L1-L3
Attachment sites for Psoas major?
Origin: T12-L5 vertebra, IV discs, Lumbar Transverse processes
Inserts: Lesser Trochanter
Attachment sites for Pectineus?
Origin: superior ramus of the pubis
Inserts: obliquely into pectineal line of femur
Which nerve supplies Pectineus?
Femoral nerve (L2, L3) ( - sometimes from obturaror)
Attachment sites for Sartorius?
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Inserts: upper medial surface of tibia
Which nerve supplies Sartorius?
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Which nerve supplies the quadricep muscles?
Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Name the tendon the quadriceps muscle create
Quadriceps Tendon - surrounds patella bone (seasmoid bone)
Which muscle can help prevent dislocation of the patella?
Vastus Medialis - because it runs almost transverse to patella
Name the muscles in the Medial Compartment
Gracilis; Adductor Longus; Adductor Brevis; Adductor Magnus; Obturator Externus
Which nerve supplies the Medial Compartment?
Obturator nerve; all have slightly different root values
Function of Gracilis muscle?
adducts the hip, flexes the knee
Function of Adductor Longus and Brevis?
Adducts the thigh
Function of the Adductor Magnus?
Primarily adducts and flexes the thigh - hamstring part extends the thigh
Function of Obturator
Externus?
Laterally rotates the thigh and does NOT adduct.
Which nerve supplies Gracilis?
Obturator nerve (L2,L3)
Which nerve supplies Adductor Longus, Brevis and Magnus?
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Which nerve supplies Obturator Externus?
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Attachment sites for Gracilis?
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Inserts: distally into the superior medial surface of the tibia
Attachment sites for Adductor Longus?
Origin: proximally from body of pubis
Inserts: Linea aspera on Femur
Attachment sites for Adductor Brevis?
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis
Inserts: Into pectineal line and proximally on Linea Aspera
Attachment sites for Adductor Magnus?
Origin: ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity (wraps like a curtain)
Inserts: Linea aspera, medialsupracondylar line and adductor tubercle
Attachment sites for Obturator Externus?
Origin: margins of the obturator foramen and obturaror membrane
Inserts: trochanteric fossa
What does the adductor canal contain?
Saphenous nerve (goes down to supply skin of anteromedial knee, leg and foot), femoral vessels
What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?
Roof = Sartorius Floor = Vastus Medialis and Adductor Longus
Name the terminal cutaneous branch of the Femoral Nerve
Saphenous Nerve
What does the Femoral Artery supply?
Anterior and anteromedial thigh
Name the pathway of the Femoral Artery?
Femoral triangle to adductor canal, then to adductor hiatus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery
Name the branches of the Profunda Femoris
Medial and lateral circumflex femoral branches, as well as 3-4 perforating branches to supply lateral thigh
Describe the pathway of the obturator artery
Through the obturator foramen to medial compartment, gives anterior (to medial compartment) and posterior branches (to muscles attached to ischial tuberosity)
What is the Cruciate Anastomosis?
An anastamosis of inferior gluteal, medial circumflex femoral, lateral circumflex femoral and 1st perforating branch of profunda femoris
Function of Cruciate Anastamosis
Second method of supply incase of blockage.
