Posterior thigh and popliteal fossa

Question 1

What is the proximal and sital attachments of the femur?

Answer 1

Articulates proximally with the acetabulum and distally with the tibia

Question 2

What is the shape of the femoral shart?

Answer 2

It is generally cylindrical and smooth except for the linea aspera –> pair of ridges that run longitudinally along the dorsal surface and form attachment sites for several muscles

Question 3

What does the sciatic nerve bifurcate too?

Answer 3

Into the common peroneal and tibial nerve

Question 4

What is the muscles of the thigh surrounded by?

Answer 4

A layer deep of fascia called fascia lata

Question 5

what is the function of fascia lata?

Answer 5

Forms 3 intermuscular septa that attch to the linea aspera of the femur and divide the muscles of the thigh into anteirior extensor, posterior flexor and medial adductor compartments.

Question 6

What muscles make up the hamstring?

Answer 6

Bicep femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

Question 7

What are the two parts of adductor magnus?

Answer 7

Adductor part

Hamstring part

Question 8

Why is adductor magnus considered as part of the hamstrings?

Answer 8

The hamstring part of the adductor magnus shares the common proximal attachments and nerve supply of the hamstring muscle

Question 9

What two nerves are found in the popliteal fossae?

Answer 9

Common fibular and tibial nerves –> off the sciatic nerve

Question 10

What is the popliteal fossa?

Answer 10

It is a diamond shaped depression located on the posterior aspect of the knee.

Question 11

What forms the borders of popliteal fossa?

Answer 11

Bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus and medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

Question 12

What is within the popliteal fossa? Medial to lateral

Answer 12

Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein
Tibial nerve
Common fibular nerve

Question 13

What structures are the most superfecial and deepest in the popliteal fossa?

Answer 13

Artery is the deepest
Vein
Nerve

Question 14

What is the course of the common fibular neve in the popliteal fossa?

Answer 14

The common fibular nerve follows the biceps femoris tendon, running along the lateral margin of the popliteal fossa.

Question 15

What divides the superficial and deep sub compartments of the posterior compartments of the leg?

Answer 15

By the transverse intermuscular septum

Question 16

What muscles are within the superficial sub compartment of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 16

Gastrocnemiu
soleus
Plantaris

Question 17

What is the function of the hamstrings muscles at the hip?

Answer 17

Bicep femoris laterally rotates at the hip and extends leg at the hip.

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus medially rotate at the hip and extend at the hip joint

Question 18

What is the function of the hamstrings muscles at the knee joint??

Answer 18

Bicep femoris –> flexion at the knee and lateral rotation at the knee
Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus get flexion of leg at the knee and medially rotate leg at the knee joint

Question 19

What is the positioning of the vessels within the popliteal fossaʔ

Answer 19

Tibial nerve most superficial
Popliteal Vein is in the middle
Deepest is the Popliteal artery

Question 20

What is the direction of the bifurcationsof sciatic nerveʔ

Answer 20

Tibial nerve which descends medially

Common fibular nerve which descends laterally

Question 21

What structures form the borders of the popliteal fossaʔ

Answer 21

Superiomedial border: Semimembranosus.

Superiolateral border: Biceps femoris.

Inferiomedial border: Medial head of the gastrocnemius.

Inferiolateral border: Lateral head of the gastrocnemius and plantaris.

Question 22

What forms the floor and roof of the popliteal fossaʔ

Answer 22

Floor is formed by the posterior surface of the knee joint capsule and by the posterior surface of the femur

ʀoof is made up of 2 layers the popliteal fascia and skin