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OS 204 > Posterior Neck > Flashcards

Posterior Neck Flashcards

0
Q

All neck structures are surrounded by this fascia

A

Superficial fascia

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1
Q

Structures in the neck are compartmentalized by?

A

Deep cervical fascia

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2
Q

They determine the direction that an infection may spread in the neck

A

Fascial planes

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3
Q

Broad, thin sheet of muscle in cervical subcutaneous tissue

A

Platysma

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4
Q

Innervation and action of platysma

A

Cervical branch of cn7

Tense skin, depress mandible, draw corner of mouth inferiorly (grimace)

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5
Q

Three layers of deep cervical fascia

A

Investing, pretracheal, prevertebral

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6
Q

What are enclosed by the investing layer of deep cervical fascia?

A

Trapezius, scm, parotid gland, submandibular gland

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7
Q

Triangular membrane that forms median fibrous septum between muscles of two sides of neck

A

Nuchal ligament

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8
Q

Space formed between two layers of investing layer that encloses SCM

A

Suprasternal space

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9
Q

Muscles enclosed by pretracheal layer of fascia

A

Infrahyoid muscles

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10
Q

Viscera enclosed by pretracheal layer

A

Thyroid gland, trachea, esophagus

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11
Q

Thickening of pretracheal layer forms a pulley for the tendon of what muscle?

A

Digastric

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12
Q

Muscle tethered by the pretracheal layer of fascia

A

Omohyoid

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13
Q

Which side of the pretracheal layer merges with the carotid sheath

A

Lateral

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14
Q

Fascial layer which forms a tubular sheath for the vertebral column and the associated muscles

A

Prevertebral layer

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15
Q

Contents of carotid sheath

A

Common and internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, some deep cervical nerves, carotid sinus nerve, sympathetic nerve fibers

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16
Q

Another name for the posterior cervical triangle

A

Lateral cervical region

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17
Q

Anterior border of posterior triangle

A

Posterior border of SCM

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18
Q

Posterior border of posterior triangle

A

Anterior trapezius

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19
Q

Inferior border of posterior triangle

A

Middle third of clavicle

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20
Q

Apex of posterior triangle

A

Superior nuchal line, meeting point of trapezius and scm

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21
Q

Roof of posterior triangle

A

Investing layer of deep cervical fascia

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22
Q

Floor of the posterior triangle

A

Splenius capitis, levator scapulae, middle scalene, posterior scalene

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23
Q

Superior division of posterior triangle

A

Occipital triangle

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24
Q

Inferior division of posterior triangle

A

Omoclavicular triangle / subclavian triangle

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25
Q

Artery in the apex of occipital triangle

A

Occipital artery

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26
Q

Most important nerve in the occipital triangle

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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27
Q

The pulse of what artery is felt in the omoclavicular triangle

A

Subclavian artery

28
Q

Landmark for subclavian artery

A

Greater suprascapular fossa

29
Q

Landmark for internal jugular vein

A

Lesser supraclavicular fossa

30
Q

Three major arteries in the posterior cervical region

A

Thyrocervical trunk, third part of subclavian artery, occipital artery

31
Q

Branches of the thyrocervical trunk

A

Suprascapular artery, cervicodorsal trunk, ascending cervical artery, inferior thyroid artery

32
Q

Bifurcations of the cervicodorsal trunk

A

Superficial cervical artery, dorsal scapular artery

33
Q

Blood vessels of nerves supplied by cervicodorsal trunk

A

Vasa vasorum

34
Q

Union of which two veins begin the external jugular vein

A

Retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein

35
Q

Veins received by external jugular vein

A

Cervicodorsal, suprascapular, anterior jugular

36
Q

Vein which curves in the inferior posterior triangle

A

Subclavian vein

37
Q

Lymphatic drainage of posterior triangle

A

Superficial cervical and deep cervical lymph nodes

38
Q

Roots of the cervical plexus

A

C1-c4

39
Q

Cervical plexus root which does not divide to ascending and descending branches

A

C1

40
Q

Muscle superficial to the cervical plexus

A

Sternocleidomastoid

41
Q

Superficial cutaneous branches of the neck

A

Erb’s point

42
Q

Superior root of ansa cervicalis

A

Cn 12, c1 , c2

43
Q

Inferior root of ansa cervicalis

A

C2 and c3

44
Q

Region posterior to the anterior borders of trapezius

A

Posterior cervical region

45
Q

Innervation of the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

46
Q

Innervation of thyrohyoid

A

C1

47
Q

Muscles innervated by ansa cervicalis

A

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

48
Q

Infrahyoid muscle not innervated by ansa cervicalis

A

Thyrohyoid

49
Q

Manifestation of paralyzed trapezius

A

Drooped shoulder

50
Q

Superficial intrinsic muscle of posterior cervical region

A

Splenius capitis, splenius cervicis

51
Q

Action of the splenius muscles

A

Flex, extend, rotate head and neck

52
Q

Intermediate intrinsic muscles of the posterior cervical region

A

Longissimus capitis, spinalis cervicis

53
Q

Action of longissimus capitis and spinalis cervicis

A

Extend head and flex neck

54
Q

Deep intrinsic muscles of the posterior cervical region

A

Semispinalis capitis, multifidus, rotatores, interspinales, intertransversarri

55
Q

Innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the posterior cervical region

A

Dorsal rami of c1-4

56
Q

Pyramidal space deep to trapezius and inferior to posterior aspects of c1 and c2

A

Suboccipital region

57
Q

Blood supply of the brainstem which passes through the suboccipital region

A

Circle of willis

58
Q

Major structures in suboccipital triangle

A

C1, c2, occiput

59
Q

Superficial boundary of suboccipital triangle

A

Trapezius and splenius capitis

60
Q

Roof of suboccipital triangle

A

Semispinalis capitis

61
Q

Floor of suboccipital triangle

A

Atlanto-occipital membrane, arch of atlas

62
Q

Muscles of the suboccipital region

A

Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior, rectus capitis posterior minor

63
Q

Suboccipital muscle which does not demarcate the triangle

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor

64
Q

Artery in suboccipital region which pierces the atlanto-occipital membrane

A

Vertebral artery

65
Q

Foramen where artery passes through

A

Foramen transversarii (transverse foramen of cervical spine)

66
Q

Action of suboccipital muscles

A

Rotation of head

67
Q

Innervation of suboccipital muscles

A

Suboccipital nerve (c1)

OS 204 (9 decks)

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