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OS 204 > Larynx And Pharynx > Flashcards

Larynx And Pharynx Flashcards

0
Q

Shape of pharynx

A

Funnel shaped

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1
Q

Widest area / narrowest area of the pharynx

A

Opposite the hyoid, inferior end

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2
Q

Type of epithelium present in pharynx

A

Upper - ciliated columnar

Lower - stratified squamous

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3
Q

Three layers of pharyngeal wall

A

Mucous membrane, fibrous layer, muscular layer

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4
Q

Pharyngeal muscles with external circular fibers

A

Superior, middle, and inferior constrictors

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5
Q

Pharyngeal muscles with longitudinal fibers

A

Stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus

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6
Q

Action and innervation of superior constrictor muscle

A

Contract and pull posterior pharyngeal wall forward during swallowing, aid soft palate in closing nasopharynx.
Pharyngeal plexus

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7
Q

Action and innervation of middle constrictors

A

Contracts and propels food bolus down into esophagus

Pharyngeal plexus

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8
Q

Action and innervation of inferior constrictor muscle

A

Propel food bolus down esophagus

Pharyngeal plexus

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9
Q

Action and innervation of stylopharyngeus

A

Elevate larynx and pharynx during swallowing

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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10
Q

Action and innervation of salpingopharyngeus

A

Assists in elevating pharynx

Pharyngeal plexus

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11
Q

Pharyngeal muscle not innervated by pharyngeal plexus? What innervates it?

A

Stylopharyngeus, cn9

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12
Q

Roof of the nasopharynx

A

Body of sphenoid, basilar part of occipital bone, pharyngeal tonsil

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13
Q

Floor of nasopharynx

A

Soft palate, pharyngeal isthmus

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14
Q

Anterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Choanae

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15
Q

Posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Anterior arch of atlas

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16
Q

Lateral wall of nasopharynx

A

Auditory tube, tubal elevation, tubal tonsil, salpingopharyngeal fold, pharyngeal fold

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17
Q

Enlarged pharyngeal tonsils

A

Adenoids

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18
Q

Maximum time between anesthesia and insertion of tube

A

6 mins

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19
Q

Roof of the oropharynx

A

Soft palate, pharyngeal isthmus

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20
Q

Floor of the oropharynx

A

Lingual tonsils, medial and lateral glossoepiglottic fold, vallecula

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21
Q

Anterior wall of oropharynx

A

Mouth and tongue

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22
Q

Posterior wall of oropharynx

A

C2 and C3

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23
Q

Lateral wall of oropharynx

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

Palatine tonsils

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24
Q

Structure posterior to nasal cavity and superior to soft palate

A

Nasopharynx

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25
Q

Structure that extends from soft palate to superior border of the epiglottis

A

Oropharynx

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26
Q

Structure that extends from the superior border of epiglottis to the inferior border of cricoid cartilage

A

Laryngopharynx

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27
Q

Anterior wall of laryngopharynx

A

Inlet of larynx

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28
Q

Posterior wall of laryngopharynx

A

C3-C6

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29
Q

Lateral wall of laryngopharynx

A

Thyroid cartilage

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30
Q

Depression of laryngopharyngeal cavity in which swallowed foreign bodies may be lodged?

A

Piriform fossa

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31
Q

In what stage of life are the palatine tonsils in maximum size?

A

Early childhood

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32
Q

Small openings on the surface of tonsils?

A

Tonsillar crypts

33
Q

Widest of the tonsillar crypts?

A

Infratonsillar cleft

34
Q

Components of pharyngeal plexus

A

Branches of cn 10 and cn 9 plus sympathetic nerves

35
Q

Sensory innervation of pharynx

A

V2 - nasopharynx
Cn9 - most
Cn9 and 10 - tonsilar plexus

36
Q

Arterial supply of pharynx

A

Ascending pharyngeal, ascending palatine branch of facial maxillary and lingual

37
Q

Venous drainage of pharynx

A

Pharyngeal venous plexus, internal jugular vein

38
Q

Lymphatic drainage of pharynx

A

Deep cervical, retropharyngeal, paratracheal

39
Q

The larynx is located on the levels of what cervical vertebrae

A

3-6

40
Q

Connects the inferior pharynx with the trachea

A

Larynx

41
Q

Laryngeal prominence

A

Adam’s apple

42
Q

Provides the area of greatest resistance to passage of air in the lungs

A

Larynx

43
Q

Functions of the larynx

A

Guards air passages, esp in swallowing
Maintwnance of patent airway
Vocalization

44
Q

How many cartilage pieces does the larynx have?

A

9

45
Q

Paired cartilages of the larynx

A

Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform

46
Q

Unpaired cartilages of larynx

A

Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis

47
Q

Cartilage located at the apices of the arytenoid cartilage. Found in the posterior part of aryepiglottic folds

A

Corniculate

48
Q

Cartilage shaped like a three sided pyramid that articulates with the upper border of cricoid lamina

A

Arytenoid

49
Q

Cartilage which lies in the aryepiglottic folds and not always present

A

Cuneiform

50
Q

Ring shaped cartilage of larynx

A

Cricoid

51
Q

Largest cartilage of larynx made of 2 lamina fused anteriorly to form adams apple

A

Thyroid

52
Q

The cricoid lies in what level of the cervical vertebrae in adults

A

C6

53
Q

Thin, leaflike cartilage located behind root of tongue

A

Epiglottis

54
Q

Mucous membrane covering epiglottis continues onto base of tongue, forming 2 depressions called _____

A

Epiglottic valleculae

55
Q

Extends from thyroid cartilage to arytenoid cartilage

A

Vocal ligament

56
Q

Extends from thyroid and arytenoid cartilage above the vocal fold

A

Vestibular ligament

57
Q

Depressors of the larynx as a whole

A

Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid

58
Q

Elevators of the larynx as a whole?

A

Stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, digastric, stylopharyngeus

59
Q

Focal point of movement of intrinsic laryngeal muscles

A

Arytenoid cartilage

60
Q

Muscle which closes laryngeal inlet

A

Aryepiglottis

61
Q

Muscle which opens laryngeal inlet

A

Thyroepiglottis

62
Q

Muscle which dilates rima glottidis

A

Posterior crycoarytenoid, assisted by lateral cricoarytenoid

63
Q

Muscle which closes rima glottidis

A

Inter-arytenoid

64
Q

Muscle which lengthens vocal cords

A

Cricothyroid

65
Q

Muscle which shortens vocal cords

A

Thyroarytenoid

66
Q

Muscle which tense the vocal cords

A

Vocalis

67
Q

Anterior boundary of laryngeal inlet

A

Upper edge of epiglottis

68
Q

Posterior boundary if laryngeal inlet

A

Sheath of mucous membrane stretched bet. 2 arytenoid cartilages

69
Q

Lateral boundary of laryngeal inlet

A

Free edge of Aryepiglottic fold

70
Q

Projections formed posteriorly by the arytenoid cartilage

A

Aryepiglottic fold

71
Q

Divisions of the interior of larynx

A

Vestibule and ventricle

72
Q

Folds of mucous membrane stretching from angle of the thyroid cartilage to vocal process of arytenoid

A

Ventricular folds (true cords)

73
Q

Folds running on both sides as fibrous tissue passing from the anterolateral surface of arytenoid to angle of thyroid cartilage

A

Vestibular fold (false cords)

74
Q

Blood supply of larnyx

A

Superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid), inferior thyroid artery

75
Q

Major innervation of the larynx

A

Superior laryngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve

76
Q

Purely sensory branch of superior laryngeal nerve

A

Internal laryngeal nerve

77
Q

Innervation of the cricothyroid

A

External laryngeal nerve

78
Q

Sensory innervation of mucous membrane below vocal cords

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

79
Q

Motor innervation of all muscles except cricothyroid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

80
Q

Differences in infant and adult larynx in terms of
A. Anatomic position
B. Level of cricoid cartilage
C. Epiglottis and tongue size

A

A. Infant more anterior
B. C3-c4 in infant, c6 in adult
C, larger in infant

OS 204 (9 decks)

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