Posterior and Anterior Neck Flashcards
Splenius cervicis
O:SPs of T3-T6 I: TPs of C1-C3 A: extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of neck N: cervical spinal A: occipital.
Splenius capitus
O: inferior nuchal ligament; SPs of C7-T4
I: mastoid process and lat 1/3 of superior nuchal line
A: extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of neck AND head
N: cervical spinal
A: occipital
Rectus capitus posterior minor
Sub occipital
O: posterior tubercle of C1
I: medial 1/2 of inferior nuchal line at occiput
A: extension and protraction of the head at atlanto-occipital
N: suboccipital
A: occipital and vertebral
Rectus capitis posterior major
O: SP of C2 (axis)
I: lateral 1/2 of inferior nuchal line (occiput)
A: extension of head at atlanto-occipital joint
N: suboccipital
Art: occipital and vertebral
Obliquus capitis inferior
Doesn’t actually meet head
O: SP of C2 I: TP of C1 A: ipsilateral rotation of atlanto-axial jt N: suboccipital A: occipital and vertebral
Obliquus capitis superior
O: c1 (TVP) I: in between nuchal lines A: protraction and contralateral rotation of head at atlanto occipital jt. N: suboccipital Art: occipital and vertebral
Platysma
O: subcutaneous fascia of the pectorals and deltoids
I: mandible and subcutaneous fascia of the lower face
A: draws up the skin of the superior chest and neck; creates ridges of neck; depresses mandible @ TMJ
N: facial nerve (CN VII)
Art: facial artery
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternal head: manubrium
Clavicular head: medial 1/3 clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line of occiput
A: flexion of lower neck @ spinal joints; extension of head and upper neck (C0-C2); lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the head and neck
N: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Art: Occipital and auricular
Scalenes
Anterior: TPs of C3-C6 (ant. tubercles) --> R1 Middle: TPs of C2-C7 (post. tubercles) --> R1 Posterior TPs of C5-C7 (post. tubercles) --> R2
Actions:
Anterior and Middle: flexion and lateral flexion of neck at spinal joints; elevation of R1
Posterior: lateral flexion (no regular flexion) of the neck at spinal joints; elevation of R2
Nerve: Cervical spinal (ventral rami)
Arteries:
Anterior: Cervical spinal (ascending)
Middle and Posterior: Cervical spinal (transverse)
Rectus Capitis Anterior
O: TP of C1 I: anterior to the foramen magnum on occiput A: flexion of head @ C0/C1 joint N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami) Art: vertebral artery
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
O: TP of C1 I: Jugular process of occiput A: lateral flexion of head @ C0/C1 joint N: Cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami) Art: vertebral artery.
Longus colli (prevertebral)
Superior, inferior obliques and vertical
O: Bodies and TVPs of C3-T3 I: Bodies and TVPs of C1-C6 A: flexion of neck at spinal joints N: cervical spinal (ventral rami) Art: Vertebral and inferior thyroid
Longus capitis (prevertebral)
O: TVPs of C3-C5
I: anterior to foraman magnum
A: flexion of head and neck at spinal joints
N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami)
Art: vertebral and inferior thyroid artery
Mylohyloid
O: Inner surface of mandible (mylohyloid line)
I: hyoid
A: elevates the hyoid; depresses mandible; flexion of head and neck
N: trigeminal (CN 5)
Art: inferior alveolar
Geniohyoid
O: inner surface of mandible (inferior mental spine)
I: hyoid
A: elevates the hyoid; depresses the mandible; flexion of head and neck at spinal joints
N: hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)
Art: lingual
Digastric
O: Posterior: mastoid notch of temporal bone
Anterior: digastric fossa of mandible
I: hyoid bone via central tendon
A: elevates the hyoid; depresses the mandible; flexion of head and neck at spinal joints
N: Anterior: trigeminal (CN5)
Posterior: facial nerve (CN7)
Art: occipital, posterior auricular, and facial
Stylohyoid
O: styloid process of temporal bone I: hyoid A: elevates hyoid N: facial (CN 7) Art: occipital, posterior auricular, and facial.
Thyrohyoid
O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid A: depresses the hyoid; flexion of head and neck N: hypoglossal (CN XII) Art: superior thyroid
Omohyoid
Inferior belly:
superior border of scapula –> clavicle via central tendon
Superior belly:
clavicle via central tendon –> hyoid
A: depresses hyoid; flexion of head and neck
N: cervical plexus (ansa cervicalis)
Art: superior thyroid and transverse cervical
Sternohyoid
O: sternum (manubrium and medial clavicle)
I: hyoid
A: depresses the hyoid; flexion of head and neck
N: cervical plexus (ansa cervicalis)
Art: Superior thyroid
Sternothyroid
O: sternum (posterior manubrium and clavicle)
I: thyroid
A: depresses thyroid cartilage; flexion of head and neck
N: cervical plexus (and a cervicalis)
Art: superior thyroid
What muscles are in the supra-hyoid group?
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Digastric
Stylohyoid
What muscles comprise the infrahyoid group?
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
What muscles comprise the suboccipitals?
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliquus capitis inferior
Obliques capitis superior
What innervates the prevertebrals?
Cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami)
What muscle groups are innervated by the cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami)
Splenius capitis and cervicis
Scalenes
Prevertebrals
