Back Flashcards
Latissimus dorsi
O: SP’s of T7-L5, posterior iliac crest and sacrum (also lower 4 ribs and sometimes inferior angle of scapula)
I: medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus (twists counterclockwise as at inserts)
A: adduction at GHJ, extension, medial rotation. (Ant pelvic tilt)
N: thoraco-dorsal
Art: thoraco-dorsal and posterior intercostal
Trapezius
Upper: O: EOP & med 1/3 of superior nuchal line I: acromion and lateral 1/3 clavicle Middle: O: SPs of T1-5 I: acromion and spine of scapula Lower: O: SPs of T6-12 I: root of scapular spine
A: all: scapular retraction
Upper: elevation
Lower: depression.
N: spinal accessory (CN XI)
Art: transverse cervical and dorsal scapular
Rhomboid major
O: SP's of T2-5 I: inferior portion of medial border of scapula (between root of spine and inferior angle) A: retraction and elevation N: dorsal scapular Art: dorsal scapular
Rhomboid minor
O: SPs of C7-T1 I: superior portion of medial border of scapula (at root of spine) A: retraction, elevation N: dorsal scapular Art: dorsal scapular
Levator scapula
O: TPs of C1-4
I: superior angle and superior portion of medial scapula (from angle to root of spine)
A: elevation of scapula; extension and lateral flexion of neck
N: dorsal scapular
Art: dorsal scapular
Serratus posterior superior
O: SPs of C7-T3 I: Ribs 2-5 (superior, external) A: elevates ribs 2-5 N: intercostal Art: posterior intercostal
Serratus posterior inferior
O: SP's of T11-12 I: ribs 9-12 A: depresses ribs 9-12 N: subcostal and intercostal Art: posterior intercostal
Subcostales
O: internal surfaces of Ribs 10-12 I: internal surface of ribs 8-10 A: depression of ribs 8-10 (during forces inhalation) N: intercostal Art: posterior intercostal
Iliocostalis
Most lateral Erector Spinae
Lumborum: O: Medial iliac crest and medial lateral sacral crest I: R7-R12 Thoracis: O: R7-12 I: R1-6 and TVP of C7 Cervicis O: R3-6 I: TVPs of C4-C6
A: Extension and lateral flexion of neck and trunk. Ipsilateral rotation of neck and trunk. Anterior pelvic tilt.
N: Spinal nerves (CTL)
Art: Posterior intercostal and lumbar
Longissimus
Middle Erector Spinae muscle. Only one that can move the head
Thoracis:
O: medial iliac crest, sacrum and TVPs of L1-L5
I: TVPs of all thoracic vertebrae, R3-12
Cervicis:
O: TVPs of T1-5
I: TVPs of C2-C6
Capitis:
O: TVPs of T1-T5; articular processes of C4-C7
I: Mastoid process
A: extension and lateral flexion of head, neck and trunk. Ipsilateral rotation of neck and trunk. Anterior pelvic tilt
N: Spinal nerves (CTL)
Art: Posterior intercostal and lumbar
Spinalis
Most medial Erector Spinae muscle
Thoracis: O: SPs of T11-L2 I: SPs of T4-T8 Cervicis: O: TVPs of T6-T10 I: SP of C2 Capitus (considered medial part of semispinalis)
A: Extension and lateral flexion of neck and trunk.
N: Spinal nerves (CT – no lumbar)
Art: Posterior intercostal and lumbar
Semispinalis
Thoracis: O: TVPs of T6-T10 I: SPs of C6-T4 Cervicis O: TVPs of T1-5 I: SPs of C2-5 Capitis: O: TVPs pf C7-T6 and articular processes of C4-C6 I: Between Superior and Inferior Nuchal lines
A: extension and lateral flexion of head, neck and trunk. Contralateral rotation of next and trunk (no head rotation)
N: Cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
A: Occipital, posterior intercostal and deep cervical
Multifidis
Runs from sacrum, ilium (PSIS) to C2
O: posterior sacrum, PSIS, sacroiliac ligament and L5-C4
LSpine: mamillary processes
TSpine: all TVPs
CSpine: articular processes of C4-C7
I: SPs 2-4 segments above (no head attachments)
A: extension, lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of neck and trunk. Anterior pelvic tilt.
N: Spinal nerves (CLT)
Art: occipital, posterior intercostal, lumbar
Rotatores
Deepest back muscle. Runs from L5-C2
O: Inferior aspect of TVPs
I: Lamina of vertebrae 1-2 above (not the head)
A: extension and contralateral rotation of the next and trunk
N: Spinal nerves (CLT)
Art: Occipital, posterior intercostal, lumbar
Interspinalis
Runs from C2-T2 and T11-L5. NOT between T3-T10
O: superior borders of the lower SP
I: Inferior border of higher SP
A: Extension of neck and trunk
N: spinal
Art: posterior intercostal
