Posterior abdominal wall and urinary system

Question 1

Explain the three layers of the thoracolumbar fascia including what attaches to each

Answer 1

3 layers: anterior, middle, posterior
between ant and middle= QL
between middle and post= erector spinae

Question 2

Name the openings of the diaphragm and the structures that pass through them

Answer 2

1. caval opening T8= IVC
2. esophageal hiatus T10= esophagus and parasymp vagal trunks
3. aortic hiatus T12= descending aorta and thoracic duct

Question 3

explain the autonomic innervation of the kidneys (parasymp)

Answer 3

Vagus 
esophageal plexus
post vagal trunk
celic ganglion and plexus
renal nerve
kidney

Question 4

explain the autonomic innervation of the urinary bladder (parasymp)

Answer 4

S2-4
pelvic splanchnic
inf hypogastric plexus
wall

Question 5

explain the relation between the ureter and the testicular artery

Answer 5

testicular artery anterior to ureter
-testes/ovaries develop in the posterior abdominal wall and then descend/migrate inferiorly and as they do so, the testicular artery follows anterior to the ureter

Question 6

define the trigone of the urinary bladder

Answer 6

where urinary stones can develop…
forms at the union two posterior ureteric orifices and the urethreal orifice
-located post-inf to pelvis

Question 7

contrast the anatomy of the male and female urethra

Answer 7

females: 4 cm urethra
males: 20 cm urethra (prostatic, membranous, spongy).