Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Where does the iliacus muscle originate?
Iliac fossa.
Where does the psoas minor muscle attach?
Pectineal line.
What muscle(s) attach to the lesser trochanter of the femur?
The psoas major and iliacus muscles merge onto the lesser trochanter –> iliopsoas.
Where do the 3 levels that branch off the abdominal aorta go? What are their planes within the abdominal cavity?
Level 1: To GI tract - anterior midline plane
Level 2: To UG tract - lateral plane
Level 3: To walls and roof of posterior abdominal wall - posterolateral plane
Which arteries in the posterior plane go to the vertebral column?
Radicular arteries and medial sacral arteries.
Which system creates the venous network in the developing embryp?
The cardinal system: common, anterior, posterior, and sub-cardinals.
What happens to the supracardinals between 6 and 9 weeks?
The supra-cardinals are formed bilaterally at 6 weeks running from head/neck to feet. At 8-9 weeks, the left side is degraded and only the right remains –> IVC is on the right side.
Where does all of the blood on the left side, including the left gonadal and suprarenal veins, drain into?
The left renal vein –> IVC.
Where does anything coming from the gut drain into?
The hepatic portal vein –> IVC.
Subcostal nerve
T12
M: Anterolateral abdominal wall
C: abdominal skin between iliac crest and umbilicus (below belly button)
*under 12th rib
Ilioinguinal nerve
L1
M: internal oblique + transversus abdominus
C: lower inguinal, mons pubis, anteriorior scrotum or labuim majus, adj medial thigh (genitalia and little skin)
Iliohypogastric nerve
L1
M: iliac crest, upper inguinal and hypogastric regions (below subcostal innervation)
Genitofemoral nerve
L1, L2 M: cremaster Muscle C: Lateral Femoral Triangle (Femoral Branch); Anterior Scrotum or labuim majus (Genital branch) (upper thigh and some genitalia) *lies on top of psoas major
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
L2, L3
C: lateral thigh
*under inguinal ligament
Obturator nerve
L2, L3, L4
M: thigh adductor
C: middle part of medial thigh
*goes through obturator foramen
Femoral nerve
L2, L3, L4 M: hip flexors, knee extenders C: anteriomedial thigh, knee, leg, foot *innervates with saphenous nerve *goes through femoral triangle
What does the lumbar portion of the diaphragm contain?
The median, medial, and lateral arcuate ligaments.
What are the 3 foramena of the diaphragm?
- Vena caval
- Esophageal hiatus
- Aortic hiatus
Which artery supplies blood to the lateral diaphragm?
Musculophrenic artery and vein.
What does the pericardiophrenic artery supply?
Anterior diaphragm.
Which artery provides blood to posterior and inferior diaphragm (most of the muscle)?
Phrenic artery.
Which nerves innervate the diaphragm?
Motor: Phrenic n.
Sensory: Phrenic n. and intercostal
Psoas Major
P: transverse pr. and bodies T12-L5
D: lesser trochanter of femur
Inn: anterior rami of L1-L3
F: hip flexor; vertebral flexion
Psoas minor
P: vertebral bodies T12-L1
D: pectineal line + iliopubic eminence
Inn: anterior rami L1
F: vertebral flexion
Iliacus
P: superior 2/3 iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacro-iliac ligament
D: lesser trochanter of femur
Inn: femoral n.
F: hip flexor
Iliopsoas
Made by union of iliacus and psoas muscles
F: hip flexor, vertebral flexion; large role in preswing - midswing
Quadratus lumborum
P: medial 1/2 of inferior 12th rib, tips of lumbar transverse pr.
D: iliolumbar ligament and internal iliac crest
Inn: anterior branches T12 and L1-L4
F: extension and lateral flexion of lumbar vertebral column
Transverse abdominis
Superficial to quadratus lumborum; inner lining of anterior abdominal wall (deepest on wall under external and internal obliques)
What is the flow of fluid through the kidney?
Outer cortex to medulla: pyramids –> renal papilla –> minor calyx –> major calyx –> renal pelvis –> ureter
What is the flow of vasculature in the kidney?
Renal artery –> segmental a. –> interlobar a. –> arcuate a. –> interlobular a. –> renal glomeruli
