Posterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

What is the origin of psoas major?

Answer 1

lumbar vertebrae from inferior border of T12-superior border of L5

medial ends of transverse processes

Question 2

What is the insertion of psoas major?

Answer 2

lesser trochanter (femur) w/iliacus (conjoin iliacopsoas tendon)

Question 3

What structures lie posterior to psoas major?

Answer 3

lumbar veins and arteries to abdominal walls

Question 4

Where is the lumbar plexus?

Answer 4

ventral rami L1-L4 within posas major

nerves to abdomen and lowe limb

Question 5

What structures lie anterior to psoas major?

Answer 5

sympathetic trunks

psoas minor (2/3)

Question 6

What is the origin of quadratus lumborum?

Answer 6

tips of transverse processes (L5?)

top of posterior iliac crest

Question 7

What is the insertion of quadratus lumborum?

Answer 7

inferior surface of 12th rib (stablizes it)

Question 8

What is the origin of iliacus?

Answer 8

iliac fossa

Question 9

Question 10

The posterior lamina of the thoracolumbar fascia extends from

Answer 10

tips of the spinous processes

from sacrum to neck

Question 11

The middle lamina of the thoracolumbar fascia extends from

Answer 11

medial tip of transverse processes

Question 12

The anterior lamina of the thoracolumbar fascia extends from

Answer 12

the anterior surface of the tips of the transverse processes

Question 13

The posterior compartment of the thoracolumbar fascia contains

Answer 13

erector spinae

Question 14

The anterior compartment of the thoracolumbar fascia contains

Answer 14

quadratus lumborum

Question 15

What is a psoas abscess?

Answer 15

• TB osteomyelitis from lumbar VC entering psoas
• pus can’t burst through fascia, remains in psoas envelope
• tracks down posterior abdominal wall beneath inguinal ligament

Question 16

Kidneys sit on

Answer 16

quadratus lumborum, ~rib 12

~T12-L3

right kidney is lower than left

Question 17

What are the dimensions of the kidney?

Answer 17

10cm long

5cm wide

2.5cm thick

Question 18

What encloses the kidney?

Answer 18

extraperitoneal fat

renal fascia

perirenal fat

fibrous capsule

Question 19

What is the organization of the renal hilar structures?

Answer 19

renal vein (anterior)

renal artery

ureter (posteroinferior)

Question 20

The right renal artery travels

Answer 20

behind the IVC

Question 21

Renal arteries split into ___ segments

Answer 21

5

Question 22

Renal veins drain into

Answer 22

the IVC

Question 23

The left renal vein travels

Answer 23

anterior to the aorta

posterior to the SMA

Question 24

The ureters are ___ long

Answer 24

25-30cm

10-12in

Question 25

On radiology, the path of the ureters can be indicated by

Answer 25

the tips of the transverse processes (travels along posterior abdominal wall, psoas major)

Question 26

What are the sites of narrowing along the ureter?

Answer 26

narrowing of renal pelvis to form ureter tipping over pelvic brim to travel on lateral pelvic walls entering the bladder **potential sites of impaction or ubstruction by renal/kidney stones**

Question 27

Question 28

Question 29