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HISTORY > POST WAR > Flashcards

POST WAR Flashcards

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1
Q

What was isolationism

A

America followed this policy after WW1 which kept them out of other countries affairs

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2
Q

What was the neutrality act

A

In 1935 loans to other countries at war were banned

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3
Q

What happened in October 1937

A

Quarantine speech by Roosevelt said peace loving countries had to stand up to aggressive countries

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4
Q

What occurred in 1937

A

Banned weapons sales to a country in conflict

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5
Q

What happened in September 1939

A

USA declared to support Britain France and their allies

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6
Q

What happen in June 1940

A

When Dunkirk happened Roosevelt gave Britain 50 ships

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7
Q

What happened in March 1941

A

Lend lease - USA ‘lend‘ Britain $7000, millions of weapons and then the same for the USSR

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8
Q

When was pearl harbour

A

7th December 1941

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9
Q

Why did pearl harbour trigger America to join WW2

A

Japan attacked Pearl Harbour - US lost 21 ships and 2,000 men

US joined the war the next day

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10
Q

What was the impact of the war on industries and

A

Factories like Ford converted to make army transport

1943 = 86,000 planes made 
1944 = 96,000 planes made

Industries like steel and oil did well

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11
Q

What was the impact of the war on unemployment

A

1939 unemployment was 9.5 million
1944 = 670,000

Farmers made money feeding the army

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12
Q

What were the positive impacts of the war on African Americans

A

Eventually allowed to join the war and fight

Loved time in countries like Britain and they were well treated

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13
Q

What were the negative impacts of the war on African Americans

A

Started in the war in minor roles like chefs

Segregated

African American nurses could only treat African American soldiers

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14
Q

What were positive impacts of the war on women

A

Financially independent

Jobs went from 12 million to 19 million

350,000 in armed forces

36 women in ship building to 200,000

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15
Q

What were the negative impacts of war on women

A

Children had absent mothers

Not all women wanted to work

After war women had to go back home

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16
Q

What was the American dream

A

The idea of a perfect family and that it could be achieved through hard work and success

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17
Q

What impact did the post war have on industries

A

Factories like ford converted to make army transport

1943 86,000 planes made
1944 96,000 planes made

Countries like steel and oil did well

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18
Q

What was the consumer society

A

The idea of the American dream

But now and pay later persuaded people to spend

Luxuries like fridges and ovens were produced at affordable prices

Huge shopping centres were built on the outskirts of them

America experienced a ‘baby boom’- 40% population increase

1952, America supplied 65% of the worlds manufactured goods

By the end of 1950s, 9 out of 10 US households had a TV, 8 had a car and telephone, and 7 washing machine

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19
Q

What were the positives of Truman’s fair deal

A

Raised minimum hourly wage from 49 to 75 cents

The GI Bill made cheap homes available for war veterans. From 1944 to 1949 the Government gave around 4 billion to 9 million soldiers

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20
Q

What were the negatives of Truman’s fair deal

A

Truman’s proposal to introduce National Health insurance scheme was blocked by Republicans

Attempts to improve African Americans lives were halted when many southern politicians voted against it

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21
Q

What was music like in teenage culture

A

Rock and roll became very popular despite adults hating it from its slave roots

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22
Q

Who was a famous rock and roll artist

A

Elvis Presley -
boys wanted to be him and girls wanted him
Image of ‘bad’
Parents hated this

23
Q

What were films in teenage culture like

A

James dean ‘rebel without a cause’ teenagers related to it parents hated the dangerous stunts as they believe it misled their children

Marilyn Monroe ‘the seven year itch’ sexualised

24
Q

What was teenage life life

A

Spent $25 billion on fashion now $10-$€15 a week more income to spend
Used to be $1-$2

A reaction against parents. They wanted to rebel

A new culture driven by sex and rebellion

25
Q

Why was there a second red scare

A

Once Hurley was defeated, the USSR and USA no longer had a common enemy
Clash of ideologies -communism and capitalism
By 1949 both countries had nuclear weapons
Arms and space race

26
Q

What were un American activities

A

Lots of spies were being used

HUAC set up to investigate

27
Q

Who was Joseph McCarthy

A

Wanted to further his political career, used the fear of communism

Stated that 205 communists in government and investigated communism for 5 years. No one battled him through fear

28
Q

What was the impact of the red scare on Charlie Chaplin

A

He got deported

29
Q

What was the downfall of McCarthy

A

In 1954, McCarthy accused 45 army officers of being communists with no evidence so lost his job

McCarthyism Began to lose support

30
Q

What was brown v board of education of Topeka

A

Her father was unhappy that his daughter had to walk to school 2 miles away when there was one 1/2 mile away

Aim was to stop segregation -took the case to Supreme Court. In July 1945 - chief judge declared school had to desegregate

By 1956, not a single African Americans were attending a school with white students in 6 states

31
Q

What was Little Rock nine

A

In Arkansas - they refused to desegregate

Governor Oral Faubous sent the national guard to stop the 9 going to school

President Eisenhower intervened and sent 1,100 paratroopers to protect them

Only one Ernest Green graduated

32
Q

When did the Montgomery bus boycott happen

A

1955-1956

33
Q

What was the Montgomery bus boycott

A

Rosa parks was not the first, Claudette Colvin

In December 1955 Rosa Parks refused to get out of seats and was arrested

African Americans began to boycott busses and would walk or car shares

Bus companies lost 75% of profits

34
Q

What were sit ins

A

Aims - stop segregation in cafes and diners

What happened - students sat in the white only section of restaurant

Success - yes - diners were segregated

35
Q

What were freedom rides

A

Aims - to desegregate interstate buses

What happened - students rode the buses to the south bus refused to change seats. They were attacked by the KKK

success- all transport was desegregated but it was very dangerous

36
Q

What happened at Birmingham March

A

Happened in 1963
30,000 people took part including children
Bull Connor attacked protestors with dogs tear gas and electric cattle prods
Birmingham was one of the most segregated cities

37
Q

What happened at Washington March

A

Happened in 1963
Dr King marched on Lincoln memorial who ended slavery
‘I had a dream’ speech
200,000 heard the speech - 50,000 of which were white
Wanted equality and decent housing

38
Q

What did the Washington march lead to

A

Led to the 1964 Civil Rights Act

39
Q

What happened at the Selma march

A

Happened in 1965

Dr king chose Selma because the governor was racist

Named Bloody Sunday

Wanted to be able to vote

40
Q

What did Selma lead to

A

Johnson passed the Voting Rights Act 1965

41
Q

What was black power

A

Wanted separatism of races
Mohammed Ali - joined the Nation of Islam
Malcolm x - joined the Nation of Islam

42
Q

What were black panthers

A

In 1968, 5000 members

Felt that African Americans needed to prove themselves

43
Q

What were the watts race riots

A 
1965 
Los Ángeles 
Didn’t think that Dr King was making enough progress 
Outcome - wrecked hometowns 
Made them look foolish
44
Q

What were the Mexico olympics

A 
Date - 1968
Where - Mexico Olympics 
What happened - happened during National Anthem. Tommie Smith and John Carlos, wore black gloves and did the Black Power salute
Why- to show how unfair America was
Outcome - they could never race again
45
Q

What were the successes of Kennedy’s New Frontier

A

Education - peace corps - organisation that sent volunteers to poorer countries

Economy - cut taxes gave more money to spend. Made $900 million available to businesses to create jobs

Health care - hourly wage from $1 to $1.25

Civil Rights - gave more jobs to African Americans

46
Q

What were the failures of Kennedy’s new frontier

A

Education - federal funds for school were denied

Economy - new equipment meant less people were needed

Poverty - minimum wage was only possible for those in work

Civil Rights - too concerned with southern politicians

47
Q

What were the successes of Johnson’s Great Society

A

Economy - hourly wage increased from $1.25 to $1.40

Education - operation head start - gave money to poor schools

Poverty - a housing act funded low income households

48
Q

What were the failures of Johnson’s great society

A

He fully supported US involvement in the Vietnam War, which was becoming increasingly unpopular and costly

Johnson spent too much money on his reforms. Unemployment was rising and there was wide spread riots in poorer areas in some cities

49
Q

Who was Betty Friedan

A

She wrote a book ‘the Feminine Mystique’

She founded the NOW organisation in 1966

50
Q

What was unequal in gender

A

Women earned 60% les than men in the same job

95% of men were managers most women worked part time

Only 7% of doctors and 4% of lawyers were women

51
Q

What were the aims of feminism

A

Ban sex discrimination at work

Maternity leave rights

Tax deduction for childcare

Child daycare centres

Equal and unsegregated education

Equal job opportunities

52
Q

Who opposed feminism

A

Women - feared it caused too much trouble

Men - feared losing power. They didn’t like women having more independent

Religious groups - taught that women were inferior to men

53
Q

What were the successes of feminism

A
  • 1963 equal pay act
  • 1964 civil rights act banned discrimination based on race and sex
  • 1965 married women allowed contraceptives
  • 1969 first no fault divorce laws in California
  • 1972 education amendment act to ban sex discrimination in education
54
Q

What was roe v wade

A

The campaign to legalise abortion

In 1973 the Supreme Court Tyler that women in all states had the right to safe and legal abortion

HISTORY (6 decks)

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