Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Flashcards
In which DSM did PTSD first appear?
Recognized by who?
DSM-III
Shakespeare in Henry IV
WWI: _____ & _____
shell shock & soldier’s heart
WWII: ______ & _____
operational fatigue & combat neurosis
Brain: There is a decrease in ______ and an increase in _______.
White matter; ventricles
What are the 3 types of exposures to trauma?
- actual or threatened to death
- serious injury
- sexual violence
What are the 4 ways one can endure trauma?
- Directly
- first-hand witnessing others
- learning of trauma occurring to family members or close friends
*if it was death related = MUST BE violent or accidental - Repeated or extreme exposure
ex: first responders collecting human remains
T/F; PTSD = Trauma?
False; traumas do not always lead to PTSD
*if yes, person may recover
T/F Trauma = Anything bad
False; many bad things can happen but not all are traumatic
What are re-experiencing symptoms?
flashbacks, bad dreams, frightening thoughts
What can be triggers?
own thoughts/feelings
words/objects/situations that are reminders
What are avoidance symptoms in Trauma?
Feeling emotionally numb, strong guilt, depression or worry
Lost interest in previous pleasures
Avoiding places/events/objects that are reminders
Difficulty remembering the events
What are increased arousal symptoms in Trauma?
Easily startled
Tense/on-edge
Difficulty sleeping
Having angry outbursts
What is hyperarousal?
What are the consequences?
usually constant stress, anger
difficulty with daily tasks: sleep, eating, concentrating
What are negative alterations in cognition or mood?
Amnesia
Persistent/exaggerated negative expectations
Erroneous cognitions about what caused the event leading to self blame
Negative mood states: fear, horror, anger, guilt, shame
Symptoms must last for more than ________.
Symptoms must cause ________ problems.
one month; functional
PTSD is comorbid with what?
depression
SUD
Anxiety disorders
Mild TBI
Pain Sx
Women are ________ to develop PTSD.
more likely
What is more detrimental to mental health functioning than traumatic experiences?
betrayal trauma
Men experience more _________ ________.
Women experience more ________ ________.
traumatic events
betrayal trauma
Childhood exposure to High Betrayal trauma predicts what?
earlier age of homelessness
More traumatic events in childhood predicts higher likelihood of being _______ in adulthood.
revictimized
Traumas with a higher degree of betrayal are associated with what?
more adverse outcomes
Which traumatic characteristic puts one at risk for PTSD?
greater perceived life threat
Strength OR severity of the stressor puts one at risk of PTSD?
Both
T/F; PTSD is not unusual, and the majority in military cases.
False
MST is most common in ____.
Women
What are the implications of PTSD?
greater risk of other disorders
unemployment
relationships issues
health issues
violence
overall worse quality of life
What are some resilience factors of PTSD?
social support
support groups
coping strategies
act/respond effectively despite of fear
feeling good about one’s actions when facing danger
