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2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LAB) > post lab activity 3 > Flashcards

post lab activity 3 Flashcards

1
Q

true or false:
philippine is one of the 18 mega-diverse countries of the world

A

false - 17

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2
Q

it contains 2/3 of the earth’s biodiversity between ___ and ___ of the world’s plant and animal species

A

70%
80%

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3
Q

define species endemism

A

organism uniquely found in our country

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4
Q

briefly explain why philippine has very high species endenism

A

it covers at least 25 genera of plants and 49% of terrestrial wildlife

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5
Q

true or false:
aside from breathtaking natural attractions, the Philippines is also a host to numerous unique species of plants and Philippine wildlife

A

true

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6
Q

how many total described species and what are they

A

53 000 described species:
15 000 plant species
38 000 animal species

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7
Q

give examples of endemic species

A

carlito syrichta
babalus mindorensis (aka tamaraw)
phithecophaga jefferey (philippine eagle)
crocodylus mindorensis (philippine crocodile)

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8
Q

why is philippines considered one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots

A

lost 70% of their original habitat and with at least 700 threatened species. caused by humans.

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9
Q

it refers to all the different kinds of life you’ll find in one area

A

biodiversity

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10
Q

it is a simulated or man made environment that mimics the structure and function of a natural ecosystem

A

artificial ecosystem

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11
Q

what is the goal of creating an artificial ecosystem

A

to understand and replicate the complex interactions and feedback loops that occur in natural ecosystems
to design sustainability for human society
(study the essence of how ecosystems work by reconstructing them in miniature in a bottle/chamber)

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12
Q

what is hay or “dry” culture is composed of

A

dry hay or grass to which has been added pond water

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13
Q

in the hay fusion, the living organisms contains are able to assume a form resistant to drying.
briefly explain in simple terms

A

(When exposed to air = transform to resistant state to protect themselve by changing size/ shape.
Return in water = resume its normal state, active form again) - basically they shut down and enter an extremely durable, dry resistant form when faced drying out. This keeps them alive until they can reawaken.

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14
Q

what can be observed in hay infusion

A

microbial diversity - wide variety of organisms
microbial succession - changes in microbial community as different species of microorganism thrive, compete and decline
protozoa and paramecia - observe their movement, feeding behaviors and reproduction under a microscope
ciliates and flagellates - move using cilia and flagellates

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15
Q

it is the most well-known culturing technique

A

hay infusion

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16
Q

a hay infusion is an excellent way to provide microbes at a ____ during any time of the year.

A

high intensity

17
Q

hay infusion allows you to follow the development of ____ as
they become _____ over time

A

microbes
visible

17
Q

why is pond water or aquarium important in hay infusion

A

ass tap water or distilled water is not possible to reproduce paramecium

18
Q

what is the purpose of grasses in hay infusion

A

sugars in grass -> food source for the microbes
sugar > bacteria > protozoans > one another (hence if bacteria grow quickly, so will the protozoan community)

19
Q

what is the first observation of hay infusion bottle

A

water may look milky and turbid
(bacterial population is increasing)

20
Q

what is the magnification that most organisms can be observed

A

200x

21
Q

what protist found in hay infusion

A

flagellates
amoebae
fungi
(majority found in family ciliophora)

22
Q

why does the water start to smell

A

bacteria decomposes the hay
(appearance of bottle + indication that methane is formed anaerobically, means insufficient O2 in water)

23
Q

what are the characteristics of ciliophora

A

presence of cilia
nuclear dimorphism - 2 different nuclei
conjugation as a sexual process

24
Q

what are some microorganisms in stagnat water

A

euglena
oscillatoria
amobea (rarely seen)
anabaena

25
Q

it is the “first animal”

A

protozoa

26
Q

why do protozoa exhibits some characteristic typical of animal life

A

often possess animal-like behaviors such as motility and predation
and lack of cell wall

27
Q

what are the predominant habitats of protozoa

A

fresh and marine waters
soil
plants
animals

28
Q

protozoa are located in ____ habitats

A

moist

29
Q

what type of reproduction is protozoa

A

asexual reproduction - usually binary fission
sexual reproduction by conjugation - exchange of genetic material
(budding or schizogony)

30
Q

what are the importance of protozoa

A

soil fertility
principal consumer of bacteria
foods for aquatic animals

31
Q

what are the pathogenicity of protozoa

A

GIT Infection
Genital Infection
Blood Infection

2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LAB) (6 decks)

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