Post cold War enlargements

Question 1

1995 enlargement countries

Answer 1

• Austria
• Sweden
• Finland

Question 2

2004 enlargement countries

Answer 2

• Cyprus
• Malta
• Czech Republic
• Estonia
• Latvia
• Lithuania
• Hungary
• Poland
• Slovakia
• Slovenia

Question 3

2007 enlargement countries

Answer 3

• Bulgaria
• Romania

Question 4

2013 enlargement country

Answer 4

Croatia

Question 5

What article of the TEU states eligibility to join the EU?

Answer 5

Article O

Question 6

What principle must a European state have to apply for EU membership?

Answer 6

A system of government founded on the principle of democracy

Question 7

What are the ‘Copenhagen Criteria’ established in 1993?

Answer 7

Stability of democratic institutions, functioning market economy, and ability to assume obligations of membership

Question 8

What does the stability of democratic institutions guarantee according to the Copenhagen Criteria?


Answer 8

• Rule of law
• Respect for human rights
• Protection of minorities

Question 9

What economic condition must a country meet to join the EU?

Answer 9

Must have a functioning market economy

Question 10

What is required of a country regarding obligations of membership to join the EU?

Answer 10

Ability to assume obligations of membership

Question 11

How does enlargement affect the EU?

Answer 11

Creates new external borders and changes the institutional structure

Question 12

what is one positive implication of past enlargements of the EU?

Answer 12

Consolidated democracy

Question 13

what is one negative implication of past enlargements of the EU?

Answer 13

Increased heterogeneity

Question 14

what was notable about the 4th enlargement of the EU in 1995

Answer 14

Only included Austria, Finland, and Sweden

Question 15

What was the status of Norway during 1995 enlargement

Answer 15

Norway was not a member due to a second referendum rejection

Question 16

what negotiations took place in the late 1980s regarding the EU?

Answer 16

Negotiations on a European Economic Area (EEA) with the EC

Question 17

1995 enlargement immediate effects

Answer 17

integrated 3 more wealthy, stable, and democratic countries

Question 18

balance sheet of 1995 enlargement regarding new members

Answer 18

All 3 new members were well-adjusted to EU membership requirements

Question 19

significance of 2004 enlargement (5th)

Answer 19

macro-enlargement of 10 states

Question 20

what characterised the nature of 2004 enlargement

Answer 20

predominantly included former Communist (satellite) states

Question 21

How did the economic development of the countries joining in 2004 compare to previous enlargements?


Answer 21

they were substantially poorer and often less industrialised

Question 22

What was the EU’s perspective on Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) during 2004 enlargement

Answer 22

There was a moral obligation to assist them

Question 23

what were the CEEC perspectives on EU membership

Answer 23

They sought:
- security
- economic assistance
- legitimisation of democratic systems

Question 24

What preparations did the EU undertake for 2004 enlargement

Answer 24

• Institutional reform
• Monitoring of applicant progress
• Assistance programs

Question 25

what were the CEECs required to do in preparation for 2004 enlargement

Answer 25

Accept and implement the entire acquis Communautaire

Question 26

Balance sheet of 2004 enlargement regarding democracy and stability

Answer 26

Led democracy and stability through convergence

Question 27

what concerns arose from the 2004 enlargement regarding security?

Answer 27

fears of importing insecurity and new discriminatory frontiers

Question 28

what were the 2007 and 2013 enlargements referred to as?

Answer 28

South-Eastern Enlargement

Question 29

What geographical change occured due to 2007 and 2013 enlargements

Answer 29

EU external border now reached the Black Sea

Question 30

What policy problems were considerable after 2007 and 2013 enlargements?

Answer 30

- Competition - State aids - Judicial reform - Corruption - Crime - Management of EU funds

Question 31

What approach was suggested for future negotiations after 2007 and 2013 enlargements

Answer 31

Use of benchmarks for negotiations and greater conditionality

Question 32

What challenge is the EU facing regarding future membership according to the conclusion?

Answer 32

Achieving EU membership is becoming more difficult due to 'enlargement fatigue'

Question 33

How many candidate countries are mentiones for future enlargement (including Georgia and Ukraine)?

Answer 33

nine candidate countries

Question 34

what was the first post cold war enlargement

Answer 34

1995

Question 35

What new challenges did the EU face with the addition of new external borders

Answer 35

New external borders and neighbours created challenges in border security and immigration

Question 36

How did enlargement change the institutional structure of the EU

Answer 36

It changed the European Parliament, Council, and European Court of Justice

Question 37

what changes occured in the policy agenda due to enlargement

Answer 37

enlargement required reform of existing policies and the addition of new ones

Question 38

Some examples of implementation problems faces by the EU after enlargements?

Answer 38

problems included: - budgetary implications - country- specific issues

Question 39

What was the effect of the EEA coming into force in 1994?

Answer 39

By the time the EEA came into force, it had largely lost relevance