Mediterranean and Eastern partnership

Question 1

What is the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) developed from

Answer 1

EU enlargement program

Question 2

Why was the ENP created?

Answer 2

To complement EU enlargement and manage non-member countries

Question 3

What issue arose from the EU enlargement regarding borders?

Answer 3

new dividing lines were created between EU and neighbours

Question 4

How many countries are immediate neighbours of the EU under the ENP

Answer 4

16 countries

Question 5

3 countries included in the ENP

Answer 5

• Algeria
• Ukraine
• Georgia

Question 6

What is a challenge posed by the diversity of countries in the ENP?

Answer 6

Potential for conflict among neighbouring countries

Question 7

What is the funding amount for the ENP from 2021-27?

Answer 7

19.3 billion euros

Question 8

What are the regional and multilateral cooperation initiatives under the ENP?

Answer 8

• Eastern Partnership
• Renewed Partnership with Southern Neighbourhood
• Union for the Mediterranean
• Black Sea Synergy
• Northern Dimension
• EU Arctic Policy
• Cross Border Cooperation (CBC)

Question 9

When was the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) relaunched?

Answer 9

2008

Question 10

one of the general aims of the UfM?

Answer 10

Furthering cooperation and political reform

Question 11

What does the UfM require to create an area of peace and stability?


Answer 11

A stable neighbourhood and regional similarity

Question 12

What is a key assumption of the EU regarding its influence on neighboring countries?


Answer 12

Joint ownership makes reforms easier to implement

Question 13

What is a potential issue with the EU’s assumption about neighbouring countries?

Answer 13

Assumes countries want to participate in Western liberal activities

Question 14

What is a significant problem for the EU regarding the Israel-Palestine conflict?

Answer 14

EU is not seen as a power for support

Question 15

How are political reforms perceived by some UfM countries?

Answer 15

As interference in sovereignty and stability

Question 16

What does differentiation in the ENP lead to?

Answer 16

A fragmented ring of countries with uneven development

Question 17

What are the five priority projects for the UfM in 2021?


Answer 17

• Environmental and climate action
• Sustainable and inclusive economic development
• Social inclusiveness and equality
• Digital transformation
• Civil protection

Question 18

What does the Eastern Partnership (EaP) aim to create?

Answer 18

Conditions for political association with the EU

Question 19

When was the EaP launched

Answer 19

7 May 2009

Question 20

Key principle of the EaP?

Answer 20

Fundamental values like democracy and rule of law

Question 21

What is a challenge faced by the EaP regarding regional ownership?

Answer 21

Initiatives are shaped from an EU perspective

Question 22

What is a significant challenge for the Eu in the EaP?

Answer 22

Limited leverage and influence over events

Question 23

How does Russia view the EaP

Answer 23

As an infringement on its sphere of influence

Question 24

What does the term ‘new Eastern Europe’ refer to?

Answer 24

A group of countries with different interests

Question 25

What countries are tailored for the EaP?

Answer 25

- Armenia - Azerbaijan - Belarus - Georgia - Moldova - Ukraine

Question 26

What does the EaP re-open regarding Ukraine and Moldova in 2022?

Answer 26

The question of their candidate status

Question 27

What is the aim of the EaP regarding energy security?

Answer 27

To enhance energy security among partner countries

Question 28

What is one of the aims of the EaP related to people?

Answer 28

to increase contacts between people

Question 29

What does the concept of differentiation in the EaP imply?

Answer 29

Countries can develop at their own pace

Question 30

What is the EU's approach to conditionality in the ENP?

Answer 30

Includes both positive and negative aspects

Question 31

How does the EU's reduced leverage affects its role in the Mediterranean?

Answer 31

Limits its ability to influence regional dynamics

Question 32

What is the significance of the 'strategic partner' concept in relation to Russia?

Answer 32

It is based on the 4 common spaces

Question 33

What is the EU's stance on political reforms in UfM countries

Answer 33

They are often seen as impositions

Question 34

What does the EU's assumption about the 'European way' imply?

Answer 34

It will solve the region's problems

Question 35

What is the impact of existing conflicts on regional cohesion?

Answer 35

They prevent much regional cohesion

Question 36

How does the EU's approach to the Mediterranean differ post 9/11?

Answer 36

Different conceptions and priorities emerged

Question 37

What is the role of conditionality in the ENP?

Answer 37

It influences the relationship with partner countries

Question 38

What does the EU's reduced leverage indicate about its influence?

Answer 38

It indicates a weakening of EU influence

Question 39

What is the significance of the 'new agenda for the Mediterranean'?

Answer 39

It aims to enhance cooperation in the region

Question 40

How does the EU view the potential for conflict among ENP countries

Answer 40

It recognises the potential for conflict

Question 41

What is the EU's approach to regional cooperation initiatives?

Answer 41

It promotes various initiatives for cooperation

Question 42

What does the EU's ability to transpose its model imply for neighbouring countries?

Answer 42

It could expand the zone of peace

Question 43

What is the impact of the EU's norms-based organisation on its relationships?

Answer 43

It influences how neighbouring countries perceive reforms

Question 44

How does the EU's approach to the Mediterranean reflect its values?

Answer 44

It emphasises equality and mutual respect

Question 45

What is the significance of the 'Black Sea Synergy' initiative?

Answer 45

It aims to enhance cooperation in the Black Sea region

Question 46

What does the term 'conditionality' refer to in the context of the ENP?

Answer 46

Conditions set for cooperation with partner countries

Question 47

How does the EU's approach to the Mediterranean differ from its approach to Eastern Europe?

Answer 47

Different strategies and priorities are applied

Question 48

What is the role of the 'Northern Dimension' initiative?

Answer 48

To enhance cooperation in Northern Europe

Question 49

What is the aim of the 'Cross Border Cooperation' initiative

Answer 49

To promote cooperation across borders

Question 50

How does the EU's approach to the Mediterranean reflect its historical context?

Answer 50

It seeks to address historical conflicts and cooperation

Question 51

What is the significance of the 'Union for the Mediterranean' in EU policy?

Answer 51

It aims to enhance regional cooperation and visibility

Question 52

What does the EU's focus on socio-economic reform imply for its neighbours?

Answer 52

It encourages modernisation and equality

Question 53

What is the role of the 'Mediterranean' in the EU's foreign policy?

Answer 53

It is a key area for cooperation and stability

Question 54

What is the significance of the 'New Agenda for the Mediterranean'?

Answer 54

It aims to enhance cooperation in the region

Question 55

How does the EU view the potential for conflict among ENP countries?

Answer 55

It recognises the potential for conflict

Question 56

What is the EU's approach to regional cooperation initiatives?

Answer 56

It promotes various initiatives for cooperation

Question 57

What does the EU's ability to transpose its model imply for neighbouring countries?

Answer 57

It could expand the zone of peace

Question 58

What is the impacts of the EU's norms-based organisation on its relationships?

Answer 58

It influences how neighbouring countries perceive reforms

Question 59

How does the EU's approach to the Mediterranean reflect its values

Answer 59

It emphasises equality and mutual respect