EU and US Flashcards
what was the US’s role in promoting EU integration?
help regenerate and redevelop economies
Why did the US support EU integration?
To facilitate easier dealings with Europe collectively
What is NATO’s role in US-European relations?
NATO is key for military stability
How did the idea of competitive economic cooperation evolve in the 1960s?
began to end in trade disputes
What was the impact of Reagan’s SDI on US-EU relations?
caused significant tension and destabilisation
Why is deep economic and security interdependence important for Europe and the US?
Europe needs US for stability against the Soviet threat
What was the US’s contribution to NATO spending?
Approx 75% of NATO spending
what is strategic drift in US-EU relations?
Differences in European and American priorities
What were the differing approaches of the US and Europe regarding the Iraq War?
US = unilateral
Europe = multilateral
What was the impact of the Iraq War on US-EU relations?
Hindered fundamental divisions in views
What did Robert Kagan argue about US and European relations?
They are fundamentally divided in views
What was the US’s expectation of post 9/11 EU involvement
Involvement in response to attacks
How did the EU respond to US unilateralism
Criticised US military interventionism
What was the US’s role in promoting EU integration
Help regenerate and redevelop Western European economies
What was the economic relationship between the US and EU post-Cold war?
US investment is EU in 3 times Asia’s
How does EU investment in the US compare to investment in India and China?
EU investment in US = 8x higher
What percentage of world GDP do the US and EU economies account for?
About 1/2 of entire world GDP
Why did the US prefer to deal with Europe as a collective?
It was easier for economic negotiations
What was the outcome of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
Ultimately failed
What is NATO’s role in US-European relations?
NATO is key for military stability
What was the idea of competitive economic cooperation in the 1960s?
To compete in markets leading to trade disputes
How did Reagan’s SDI affect US-EU relations?
Caused significant tension and destabilisation
Why is deep economic and security interdependence important for Europe?
Europe can’t remain stable without US support
What challenges exist between NATO and the EU regarding military capabilities?
Frictions over developing military capabilities
What role did the US play in German unification
it helped shape post-cold war Europe
what were the implications of Brexit for US-EU relations?
Reduced US influence in the EU
How did the 2007/8 financial crisis affect EU-US relations?
required cooperation to address a global crisis
What was the Trump administration’s stance on NATO?
Criticised NATO membership and integration
What was the Trump administration’s impact on NATO?
It was damaging to transatlantic relations
What was the “America First policy under Trump?
Greater protectionism and trade aggression
What characterises the US approach to foreign policy?
Unilateral and confrontational with hard power
What is the EU’s approach to foreign policy?
Multilateral, engagement, and use of soft power
How did Biden’s presidency affect US-EU relations?
- Smoothed relations and re-engaged multilateralism and cooperation
- Strong commitment to Ukraine
- Easing of protectionist policies
What challenges exist between NATO and EU military capabilities
US critical of EU’s burden-sharing willingness
What were the tensions regarding NATO and EU military capabilities?
Frictions over autonomy and burden sharing
What was Biden’s stance on NATO?
Re-endorsement of NATO’s importance
what are European fears regarding US political polarisation?
Impact highlighted in the 2024 election. fears of abandonment of NATO
major criticism of US post 9/11?
Unilateral security focus against the Middle East
What are the main tensions in US-EU relations post-Cold war?
- Strategic drift in priorities
- Burden-sharing disagreements
- Diverging geo-strategic focuses
- Friction over NATO and EU military capabilities
How did the US view the EU’s response to 9/11?
Expected involvement as a shared responsibility
What are the implications of the Ukraine crisis on transatlantic relations?
- Cohering of US-EU relations
- Joint sanctions against Russia
- Reinforcement of NATO’s role
What are the continuing challenges in US-EU relations?
- Trade disputes
- Burden-sharing vs. leadership sharing
- Diverging strategic priorities
- Potential return of Trump
What were the differences over international treaties between the US and EU?
Disagreements on Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), Kyoto, and Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty
What was the impact of the Iraq War on NATO and EU relations?
Created coalitions of the willing and disintegration
What was the significance of the Biden administration’s support for Ukraine?
Coordinated sanctions on Russia with the EU
What fears does Europe have regarding US political polarization?
Concerns about the 2024 election outcomes
What are the ongoing challenges in EU-US relations post-Biden?
Trade disputes and strategic priorities diverging
What are the key aspects of US support for European integration?
- Promoting economic regeneration in Western Europe
- Facilitating collective negotiations
- Underwriting European security through NATO
What were the implications of the Trump presidency on transatlantic relations?
- Increased protectionism and trade aggression
- Criticism of NATO and European integration
- Withdrawal from international agreements
