EU and developing world Flashcards
What historical legacy influences the EU’s interest in the Developing World?
Preferential relationships with former colonies
What is the moral obligation of the EU towards the Developing World?
To alleviate poverty and export success
What economic imperative drives the EU’s interest in the developing world?
to maintain trade relations
How does global security relate to the EU’s interest in the developing world?
it connects security, poverty and terrorism
What do developing countries seek from the EU?
Access to the Single European Market (SEM)
Why do developing countries need privileged access to the SEM?
To compete despite limited exports
What is the impact of EU protectionism on developing countries?
It has negative repercussions for them
How does EU market distortion affect developing states?
It leads to increased market vulnerability
What are key sources of support for developing countries from the EU?
- Foreign direct investment (FDI)
- Technology
- Aid
Why do developing countries need to be in a privileged category within the EU?
To compete effectively in the market
How does the EU’s weight in the WTO benefit developing countries?
it amplifies their voices on a global level
What are the main types of aid provided by the EU to developing countries?
- Food Aid
- Emergency Aid
- Technical Assistance
- Humanitarian Aid
- Development Finance
- Financial Aid and Debt Relief
- EDF Grants, Risk Capital, and Loans
What does ‘asymmetric interdependence’ refer to in EU-developing world relations?
Unequal reliance between the EU and developing countries
How does EU coordination with other actors affect developing countries?
It ties aid to structural adjustment programmes
What limits does the EU face in its international obligations?
WTO rules limit preferential treatment
What is the ‘pyramid of preferences’ in EU relations with the developing world?
A hierarchy of preferential treatment levels
Which states have maximum preference under the EU’s pyramid preferences?
Less developed African, Caribbean, and Pacific states (ACP states)
What was the purpose of the Yaoundé Conventions?
To accommodate French and Belgian colonies
What was the significance of the Lomé Convention I in 1975?
It included 46 ACP states for UK relations
How did the Lomé IV agreement expand EU engagement?
It included 68 ACP states by 1989
What is the Cotonou Agreement?
A more expansive agreement than Lomé
How many states are in the ACP group?
79
What are the four fundamental principles of the EU-ACP agreement?
- Equality
- Inclusion
- Political dialogue
- Differentiation
What are the 5 independent pillars of the Cotonou Agreement
- Political dimension
- Participation
- Poverty reduction
- Trade cooperation
- Financial reform
What is the focus of the first revision of the Cotonou Agreement in 2005?
International cooperation and women’s rights
What was emphasised in the 2nd revision of the Cotonou Agreement in 2010?
Regional integration and security issues
What does the EU-Samoa Agreement cover?
Relations with 79 countries including ACP states
What are the 6 priority areas of the EU-Samoa Agreement?
- Democracy
- Sustainable growth
- Climate change
- Social development
- Peace
- Migration
What are some key differences between Lomé IV and Cotonou?
- Poverty reduction
- Regional integration
- Good governance
What trends have emerged in EU-ACP relations since Lomé IV?
- Phased programming
- Targeting aid
- Regional integration
What are the main criticisms of EU policy towards the developing world?
- Exploitation
- Double standards
- Self interest
What is the EU’s role in global aid and trade?
World’s most important aid donor and trader
How is the Cotonou Agreement more expansive than traditional policies?
It included environment, human rights, migration
What was agreed upon in the successor to Cotonou in 2021?
Continued relations with ACP countries
