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Pos 3 > Pos Exam 2 > Flashcards

Pos Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

how much do you abduct femurs for modified cleaves?

A

40-45º from vertical

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1
Q

which pos line is used for Fuchs/Judd of dens?

A

MML (CR II to MML)

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1
Q

what XR shows open L5-S1 joint space, SI joints

A

AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine

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1
Q

2 XRs (w & w/o elevated block on convex side)

A

how many XRs Ferguson?

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2
Q

which XR shows IV disk spaces of C5-T3?

A

cervicothoracic swimmers lat

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2
Q

perp to 2” dist. & 2” med. to ASIS

A

CR for downside Post Obl Judet for acetabulum?

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2
Q

CR 35-40º cephalic (tip of mandible)

A

CR for (T) dens (AP)?

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3
Q

which XR shows the entire upper C-spine w one single XR

A

Ottonello/wagging jaw

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3
Q

what is seen on AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine?

A

open L5-S1 joint space, SI joints

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3
Q

how many XRs for PA/AP Scoliosis

A

usually 2 (erect & recumbent) for comparison

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3
Q

which XR uses: AP: CR perp T7 Lat: X-table CR perp T7

A

(T) T-spine

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3
Q

int rotate feet 15-20º

A

what do you do for pelvis to make the lesser trochanters not so readily shown on the med. side of the prox. femurs?

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4
Q

the C2-C7 zygapophyseal joints are at a ____ º to MSP

A

90º

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4
Q

what is the error in AP “open mouth” if the base of skull superimposes the upper dens?

A

excessive skull extension

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4
Q

perp C4 (thyroid cartilage)

A

CR for lat C-spine hyperextension/flexion?

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4
Q

T5-8

A

which T-vertebrae are considered “typical”

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4
Q

30-45º ant obl toward AFFECTED SIDE

A

how much do you obl pt of PA Axial Obl Acetabulum (Teufel)?

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5
Q

which XR uses AP Axial: CR 35-40º cephalic (tip of mandible)

A

(T) AP Dens

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5
Q

(T) C-spine

A

which XR uses: AP: CR 15-20º cephalic to lower thyroid cartilage (C4) Lat.: X-table CR perp C4 - no head/neck manipulation

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6
Q

what happens the more you elevate the unaffected leg for Danelius-Miller Axiolat Inf.Sup. hip?

A

the more you can see the acetabulum w/o the fat pad superimposition from the thigh

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6
Q

IR and CR for PA/AP Scoliosis Series?

A

bottom of IR 1-2” inf. iliac crest; CR perp to IR; *suspend exp.

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7
Q

perp 3” inf. ASIS

A

CR for bilat modified Cleaves?

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9
Q

what is shown on lat C-spine hyper flexion?

A

well shown spinous processes

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9
Q

which XR uses low mA & long exposure T to blur mandible?

A

Ottonello/wagging jaw

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9
Q

which XR shows post. elements of mid-low C-spine, zygapophyseal joints btw the lat. masses are open & well seen, along w laminae & spinous processes

A

AP axial vertebral arch (pillars)

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9
Q

post. rim of acetabulum, ant. iliopubic column, obturator foramen, & foreshortened iliac wing

A

anat seen for upside Post Obl Judet?

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9
Q

IR on table-top; top of IR to EAM; CR 45º mediolaterally & 12º cephalic to C4

A

CR AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

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10
Q

CR 30º (males), 35º (females) cephalic to ASIS

A

CR for AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine?

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11
Q

which pos for AP R/L bending scoliosis gives pt less dose?

A

erect PA

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12
Q

how many XRs are usually taken for Judet method?

A

4 R&L, up&down

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12
Q

(male:) 20-35º, (female:) 30-45º cephalic to 1-2” dist. to pub. symph.

A

CR for AP Axial Outlet Pelvis (Taylor)

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14
Q

CR for (T) dens (AP)?

A

CR 35-40º cephalic (tip of mandible)

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14
Q

thoracolumbar spine seen, 1-2” iliac crest shown

A

what is shown for PA/AP Scoliosis series?

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15
Q

is Fuchs AP or PA?

A

AP

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16
Q

how many XRs Ferguson?

A

2 XRs (w & w/o elevated block on convex side)

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16
Q

what is seen on AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

A

intervertebral foramina & pedicles

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17
Q

(T) lat C-/T-/L-spine

A

which XRs are used to see compression fx’s?

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18
Q

4 R&L, up&down

A

how many XRs are usually taken for Judet method?

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19
Q

which XR gives dens thru foramen magnum in true size?

A

Fuchs

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19
Q

3-4” block under foot (or hip, if seated) on convex side

A

what is done to pt for Ferguson Method: Scoliosis Series?

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19
Q

CR II to interiliac line (may need 5-8º caudal angle) to 1.5” inf. to iliac crest & 2” post. to ASIS

A

CR for L5-S1 lat. spot?

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20
Q

what is crucial to remember in positioning for R/L bending of Scoliosis AP Series?

A

pelvis is fulcrum and does not move

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22
Q

CR for upside Post Obl Judet for acetabulum?

A

perp to 2” dist. to ASIS

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23
Q

which XR shows vertebral bodies, intervertebral disk spaces of C5-T3; humeral heads separate

A

swimmer’s lat (twining method for C5-T3 region)

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23
Q

Teufel Method

A

what is the PA version of the Post Obl Judet?

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24
Q

how much do you obl pt for Obl T-spine?

A

70º

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26
Q

bottom of IR 1-2” inf. iliac crest; CR perp to IR; *suspend exp.

A

IR and CR for PA/AP Scoliosis Series?

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27
Q

excessive skull extension

A

what is the error in AP “open mouth” if the base of skull superimposes the upper dens?

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29
Q

anat seen for Teufel method?

A

sup.-post. wall of acetabulum, fovea capitis

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30
Q

which zygapophyseal joints are shown on ant obl T-spine?

A

downside

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32
Q

better view of femoral neck w/o foreshortening & w/o superimposition of greater trochanter

A

what happens when you partially flex/abduct the femora 20-30º from vertical for modified cleaves?

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34
Q

path for PA Axial Obl Acetabulum (Teufel)?

A

possible acetabular fx’s

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34
Q

CR II to what in Lat. L5-S1?

A

interiliac line

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35
Q

what is done to pt for Ferguson Method: Scoliosis Series?

A

3-4” block under foot (or hip, if seated) on convex side

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36
Q

CR for AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine?

A

CR 30º (males), 35º (females) cephalic to ASIS

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37
Q

which zygapophyseal joints are shown on post obl T-spine?

A

upside

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38
Q

which XR gives dens thru foramen magnum in magnified size?

A

Judd

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40
Q

what XR shows L5 vertebral body, 1st & 2nd sacral segments & open L5-S1 joint space

A

Lat. L5-S1

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41
Q

CR for AP Axial Inlet Pelvis

A

40º caudad to ASIS

41
Q

term for articular pillar of C1?

A

lateral mass

43
Q

(T) AP Dens

A

which XR uses AP Axial: CR 35-40º cephalic (tip of mandible)

44
Q

assess range of motion of vertebral column

A

purpose of AP R/L bending scoliosis series?

46
Q

lateral mass

A

term for articular pillar of C1?

47
Q

“wagging jaw” aka

A

Ottonello method

48
Q

how many XRs are taken for obl T-spine?

A

2: R/L for comparison

49
Q

AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine

A

what XR shows open L5-S1 joint space, SI joints

50
Q

MML (CR II to MML)

A

which pos line is used for Fuchs/Judd of dens?

51
Q

usually 2 (erect & recumbent) for comparison

A

how many XRs for PA/AP Scoliosis

53
Q

which XR uses: AP: CR 15-20º cephalic to lower thyroid cartilage (C4) Lat.: X-table CR perp C4 - no head/neck manipulation

A

(T) C-spine

54
Q

Clements-Nakayama method

A

modified axiolat hip aka?

56
Q

perp to 2” dist. to ASIS

A

CR for upside Post Obl Judet for acetabulum?

57
Q

40º caudad to ASIS

A

CR for AP Axial Inlet Pelvis

58
Q

what do you do for pelvis to make the lesser trochanters not so readily shown on the med. side of the prox. femurs?

A

int rotate feet 15-20º

59
Q

CR for unilat modified cleaves?

A

perp to midfemoral neck (1-2” med. & 3-4” dist. to ASIS

60
Q

open L5-S1 joint space, SI joints

A

what is seen on AP Axial L5-S1 L-spine?

61
Q

which XR shows 2 XRs of open intervertebral foramina & intervertebral joint spaces; T- & L-spine w 1-2” iliac crest?

A

lumbar flexion/extension lat

62
Q

which XRs are used to see compression fx’s?

A

(T) lat C-/T-/L-spine

63
Q

CR for downside Post Obl Judet for acetabulum?

A

perp to 2” dist. & 2” med. to ASIS

65
Q

possible acetabular or pelvic ring fx’s

A

path for Post Obl Judet?

66
Q

modified axiolat hip aka?

A

Clements-Nakayama method

68
Q

what side is placed to IR for lat Scoliosis series?

A

convex side

69
Q

technique for swimmers?

A

orthostatic breath, low mA, 3-4s exposure T

70
Q

CR for ap axial vertebral arch (pillars)?

A

CR 20-30º caudal to lower margin of thyroid cartilage (C5)

72
Q

anat seen for downside Post Obl Judet?

A

ant. rim of acetabulum, post. ilioischial column, elongated iliac wing

73
Q

40-45º from vertical

A

how much do you abduct femurs for modified cleaves?

74
Q

which zygapophyseal joints are shown on LPO T-spine?

A

R ZJs

76
Q

CR for PA Axial Obl Acetabulum?

A

12º cephalic to acetabulum (2” lat from MSP & 1” sup. to pub. symph.)

77
Q

the T-vertebrae zygapophyseal joints are at a ___º to MSP

A

70-75º

78
Q

anat seen for upside Post Obl Judet?

A

post. rim of acetabulum, ant. iliopubic column, obturator foramen, & foreshortened iliac wing

80
Q

CR for AP Axial Outlet Pelvis (Taylor)

A

(male:) 20-35º, (female:) 30-45º cephalic to 1-2” dist. to pub. symph.

81
Q

orthostatic breath, low mA, 3-4s exposure T

A

technique for swimmers?

83
Q

what anat is seen on AP Axial Outlet Pelvis (Taylor)

A

ant.-inf. pelvic bones, pubic rami, ischium, lg obturator foramen

85
Q

which XR has the line from the lower margin of the upper incisors & skull base/mastoid tips perp to IR?

A

wagging jaw

86
Q

which zygapophyseal joints are shown on RAO T-spine?

A

R ZJs

87
Q

15º from vertical

A

how much do you tilt the IR from vertical for the Clements-Nakayama method?

88
Q

which XR shows C1-C7 vertebral bodies w overlying blurred mandible

A

Ottonello/wagging jaw

89
Q

possible acetabular fx’s

A

path for PA Axial Obl Acetabulum (Teufel)?

90
Q

CR for wagging jaw?

A

perp C4

91
Q

12º cephalic to acetabulum (2” lat from MSP & 1” sup. to pub. symph.)

A

CR for PA Axial Obl Acetabulum?

93
Q

which XR is good for when C7-T1 not well seen on lat. C-spine; or (T) lat XR

A

cervicothoracic (swimmers)

94
Q

what is not used on AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

A

cannot use grid w compound CR angle

95
Q

which IV foramina are seen on LPO C-spine?

A

R IVFs

95
Q

CR 20-30º caudal to lower margin of thyroid cartilage (C5)

A

CR for ap axial vertebral arch (pillars)?

96
Q

lumbar flexion/extension lat

A

which XR shows 2 XRs of open intervertebral foramina & intervertebral joint spaces; T- & L-spine w 1-2” iliac crest?

99
Q

which XR has CR angle II w zygapophyseal joints on C-spine?

A

AP Axial Vertebral arch (pillars)

100
Q

is Judd AP or PA

A

PA

101
Q

CR for bilat modified Cleaves?

A

perp 3” inf. ASIS

103
Q

the more the greater trochanter falls on the neck

A

what happens the more you abduct femurs from vertical for modified cleaves?

104
Q

CR for L5-S1 lat. spot?

A

CR II to interiliac line (may need 5-8º caudal angle) to 1.5” inf. to iliac crest & 2” post. to ASIS

105
Q

how much do you obl pt of PA Axial Obl Acetabulum (Teufel)?

A

30-45º ant obl toward AFFECTED SIDE

106
Q

superimposes gonion/mandibular angle on C-spine

A

what happens if you overflex on lat C-spine hyper flexion?

107
Q

what happens if you overflex on lat C-spine hyper flexion?

A

superimposes gonion/mandibular angle on C-spine

108
Q

what is shown on modified cleaves?

A

lat views of acetabulum & femoral head/neck, trochanteric area & prox. 1/3rd femur

109
Q

what is shown on lat C-spine hyperextension?

A

spinous processes in close proximity

111
Q

How much do you obl a pt for Judet method?

A

45º post obl

111
Q

which T-vertebrae are considered “typical”

A

T5-8

112
Q

Fuchs

A

which XR gives dens thru foramen magnum in true size?

114
Q

what happens the more you abduct femurs from vertical for modified cleaves?

A

the more the greater trochanter falls on the neck

115
Q

swimmer’s lat (twining method for C5-T3 region)

A

which XR shows vertebral bodies, intervertebral disk spaces of C5-T3; humeral heads separate

117
Q

which IV foramina are seen on LAO C-spine?

A

L IVFs

118
Q

pelvis is fulcrum and does not move

A

what is crucial to remember in positioning for R/L bending of Scoliosis AP Series?

119
Q

45º post obl

A

How much do you obl a pt for Judet method?

120
Q

lat views of acetabulum & femoral head/neck, trochanteric area & prox. 1/3rd femur

A

what is shown on modified cleaves?

122
Q

purpose of AP R/L bending scoliosis series?

A

assess range of motion of vertebral column

125
Q

how much do you tilt the IR from vertical for the Clements-Nakayama method?

A

15º from vertical

126
Q

ant. rim of acetabulum, post. ilioischial column, elongated iliac wing

A

anat seen for downside Post Obl Judet?

127
Q

intervertebral foramina & pedicles

A

what is seen on AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

128
Q

what is shown for PA/AP Scoliosis series?

A

thoracolumbar spine seen, 1-2” iliac crest shown

129
Q

cannot use grid w compound CR angle

A

what is not used on AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

130
Q

f(x)al study of mobility

A

why is lat C-spine hyperextension/flexion performed?

131
Q

CR for lat C-spine hyperextension/flexion?

A

perp C4 (thyroid cartilage)

132
Q

spinous processes in close proximity

A

what is shown on lat C-spine hyperextension?

133
Q

why is lat C-spine hyperextension/flexion performed?

A

f(x)al study of mobility

134
Q

what is the PA version of the Post Obl Judet?

A

Teufel Method

135
Q

perp T7 (3-4” below jugular notch)

A

CR for obl T-spine?

136
Q

CR AP Axial (T) Obl C-spine?

A

IR on table-top; top of IR to EAM; CR 45º mediolaterally & 12º cephalic to C4

137
Q

what happens when you partially flex/abduct the femora 20-30º from vertical for modified cleaves?

A

better view of femoral neck w/o foreshortening & w/o superimposition of greater trochanter

138
Q

the more you can see the acetabulum w/o the fat pad superimposition from the thigh

A

what happens the more you elevate the unaffected leg for Danelius-Miller Axiolat Inf.Sup. hip?

139
Q

well shown spinous processes

A

what is shown on lat C-spine hyper flexion?

140
Q

ant.-inf. pelvic bones, pubic rami, ischium, lg obturator foramen

A

what anat is seen on AP Axial Outlet Pelvis (Taylor)

141
Q

which XR uses: AP: CR perp L3-L4 Lat: X-table CR perp L3-L4

A

(T) L-spine

142
Q

sup.-post. wall of acetabulum, fovea capitis

A

anat seen for Teufel method?

143
Q

CR for obl T-spine?

A

perp T7 (3-4” below jugular notch)

144
Q

perp to midfemoral neck (1-2” med. & 3-4” dist. to ASIS

A

CR for unilat modified cleaves?

145
Q

path for Post Obl Judet?

A

possible acetabular or pelvic ring fx’s

146
Q

(AP) small/narrow obturator foramen indicates?

A

rotation TOWARD THAT SIDE

147
Q

(AP) elongated iliac wing indicates what?

A

rotation TOWARD THAT SIDE

Pos 3 (6 decks)

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