Portugal - General Questions Flashcards
Quality levels for
Portuguese wine
Vinhos de Mesa
Vinhos Regional (VR) Indicação Geogràfica Protegida (IGP)
Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP)
What is the minimum percetage from a VR/IGP
for that region to appear on a label?
85% minimum
What is
Adamado?
Sweet
-Doce is also used
What is
Carvalho?
Oak
What is
Doce?
Sweet
-Adamado is also used
What is
Garrafeira?
Gran Reserva
For vintage dated wines only!
==========
.5% min higher ABV
than required wine/region
Branco
**12 months min total aging
**6 months min in bottle.
Tinta
*30 months min total aging
**12 months min in bottle
(Stevenson says 3 years total)
(…ish)
What is
I.P.R.?
Idicacao Proveniencia Regulamentada
(similar to France’s VDQS)
-done away with (just like VDQS)
All IPRs became DOPs.
What is
Licoroso?
Fortified wine
What is
Maduro?
Matured
-often refers to wine that has been stored in a vat.
What is
Produzido e engarrafado por?
Produced and bottled by
What is
Quinado?
Aromatized Tonic Wine
Note:
- Made from extract from the Cinchona tree
- Similar to Italy’s Chinato
- Pioneered in Portugal by Adriano Ramos Pinto (founder of Ramos Pinto)
What is
Reserva in Portugal?
.5% higher min ABV
than minimum requirement
on traditional method Espumante indicates:
*12 months min on lees
Some regions requirements may be stricter (eg- Dao)
Used for Vintage dated wine only!
What is
Solar?
Property -or- Estate
-can refer to a single vineyard
What is
Velho?
Literally means “Old”
Branco
*2 years min aging
Tinta
*3 years min aging
-used to have no legal definition-
What is
Colheita Seleccionada?
1% ABV higher
than the regular minimum
What is
Enforcado?
A system for training vines most widely used in Minho.
Vines are trained very high (trees & telephone poles).
Note: less than 10% of the regions vines are trained this way anymore.
What is
Chao Rija?
A soil type in the Colares DOP of Lisboa.
Hard, stony soil. (Red Sandstone?)
Located further inland away from the coast.
- Chao Rija* soils must be planted to 80% min Castelao (casta) in Colares DOP.
- However, Castelao may only account for 10% Max of the total blend of Colares Tinto.
Less desirable than the sandy Chao de Areia sandy soils of the region that are closer to the coast.
- Chao de Areia must be planted to 80% min Ramisco, in comparison to Chao Rija’s 80% min Castelao
What is
Chao de Areia?
- *A soil type of Colares DOP in Lisboa.**
- (the most desirable type here)*
This sandy soil is mainly dug in trenches and planted to protect it from the marine winds due to its proximity to the Atlantic coast.
- unlike the hard, stony Chao Rija soil.
Chao de Areia must be planted to 80% min Ramisco (casta).
What is
Colheita?
Vintage
What is
D.O.P.?
Denominacao Origem Protegida
What is
Engarrafado?
Bottled by
What is
Engarrafado na origem?
Estate Bottled
What is
Escolha?
Choice -or- Selection
What is
Espumante?
Sparkling Wine
- can be made by any process unless specifically qualified on label
- If Reserva appears on the label the wine must be aged on its lees for a minimum on 12 months.
What is
Branco?
White
What is
Leo do tergo?
“Law of the third”
IVDP policy that stipulates Port houses can only release 1/3 of their total inventory annually.
What is
Aguardente?
**A neutral grape spirit from Portugal. **
~77% min ABV~
Literally translates to “Burning Water”
(Is also called Bagaceilo)
==========
Port fortification is 110L Aguardente to 440L wine.
- in a 550L (production) port pipe.
What is
Vinhos ao Roda?
Madiera wines that had made the
“_Torna Viagem_”.
These sold for higher proces than the ‘Vinhos Canteiro’.
What is
Vinhos Canteiro?
Wines are placed in casks in the attics of Madeira Lodges. These attics are exposed to the sun –through windows– and naturally heated each day.
This process must take place over a minimum of 2 years.
Wines that have undergone Canteiro may not be bottled until a minimum of 3 years total aging after the fortification (including the 2 years exposed to the sun).
Canteiro is typically used for the best wines a Lodge will produce. Many are destined to become Frasqueiras.
These were not as highly prized as the ‘Vinhos ao Roda’ that had undergone ‘Torna Viagem’.
What is
Bagaceiro?
A neutral grape spirit from Portugal.
~77% min ABV~
(more commonly called Agaurdente)
==========
Port fortification is 110L Aguardente to 440L wine.
- in a 550L (production) port pipe.
What is
Vinho Abafado?
A partially fermented must preserved with alcohol.
Used primaraliy in Carcavelos DOP (Licorosa) in Lisboa.
What is
Torna Viagem?
Term used in Madeira to indicate the wines had been placed on ships in order to produce Madeira.
What is
Quercus Suber?
Cork Trees.
The majority of the worlds cork supply comes from Portugal.
What is the most widely planted
Tinta Casta of Portugal?
Castelao
(aka: Periquita)
What is the most widely planted
Branco Casta of Portugal?
Maria Gomez
(aka: Fernao Pires)
What is
Envelhicido em Garrafa?
A term that can appear on bottles of LBV Port indicating the wine has benefitted from 3 years minimum bottle aging before release.
What is
IVDP?
Instituto dos Vinhos de Duoro e Porto
The regulatory body that oversees all production of wine in the Duoro (Duriense).
What is
Adega?
Cellar
-used like Bodega is in Spain
What are Vinhos ao Alta?
- *VINHOS AO ALTA**
- The modern non-terraced planting system. The vines are planted vertically to do away with terracing.
Other planting systems:
PATAMARES
- The traditional terracing system that does not allow for mechanized harvesting (rows are spaced to tightly)
SOCALCOS
- The modern terracing system that is more widely spaced and does allow for mechanized harvesting
What are the planting systems of Douro?
- *PATAMARES**
- The traditional terracing system that does not allow for mechanized harvesting (rows are spaced to tightly)
- *SOCALCOS**
- The modern terracing system that is more widely spaced and does allow for mechanized harvesting
- *VINHOS AO ALTA**
- The modern non-terraced planting system. The vines are planted vertically to do away with terracing.
What are Patamares?
- *PATAMARES**
- The traditional terracing system that does not allow for mechanized harvesting (rows are spaced to tightly)
Other planting systems:
SOCALCOS
- The modern terracing system that is more widely spaced and does allow for mechanized harvesting
VINHOS AO ALTA
- The modern non-terraced planting system. The vines are planted vertically to do away with terracing.
What are Socalcos?
- *SOCALCOS**
- The modern terracing system that is more widely spaced and does allow for mechanized harvesting
Other planting systems:
PATAMARES
- The traditional terracing system that does not allow for mechanized harvesting (rows are spaced to tightly)
VINHOS AO ALTA
- The modern non-terraced planting system. The vines are planted vertically to do away with terracing.
What are Poios?
The name for the terraces of Madeira
What are Levadas?
The system of canals on Madeira that help collect the rainwater from the upper high-altitude peaks.
What are Latadas?
The name of the low hanging Pergola training system of Madeira.
What is the regulating body of Madeira?
IVBAM
Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira
Instituto do Vinho, do Bordado e do Artesanato da Madeira
