Population Studies Flashcards
Give an example of a country in stage 2 of the demographic transition model
Nigeria
Give an example of a country in stage 4 of the demographic transition model
Ireland
Give an example of a country in stage 1 of the demographic transition model
Somalia
Give an example of a country in stage 5 of the demographic transition model
Germany
Give an example of a country in stage 3 of the demographic transition model
India
What is the definition of migrant?
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a person who moves from place to place to find work or better living conditions.
What is the definition of immigrant?
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a person who comes to live in a foreign country
What is the definition of emigrant?
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A person who leaves their own country to live in another
What is the definition of refugee?
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an immigrant given special permission to live in another country due to war, natural disasters or persecution.
What factors would encourage you to leave a country? (push factors)
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war, poor standard of living, unemployment, famine, poor social life, poor housing, natural disasters,
What factors would encourage you to move to another country? (pull factors)
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better job opportunities, good social life, the promise of freedom, good housing, better health care, education opportunities, safety,
What factors would be a barrier to migration?
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high cost of travel, leaving friends and family behind, religious racial or political prosecution.
What is the study of population called?
Demography
Factors influencing birth rate
-status of women
-access to contraceptives
-war
-education
-healthcare
factors influencing death rate
-war
-access to food and water
-access to healthcare
-natural disasters
-technology
-education
How does food affect death rate?
-new machinery
-new farming methods e.g. crop rotation
-use of fertilisers improved crop production
These increase in food supply means less famine
how does war affect birth and death rate?
-War affects death rate because soldiers and civilians are killed.
-War affects birth rate because husbands and wives are separated leading to a lower birth rate. However, when soldiers return home a ‘baby boom’ is seen which increases birth rate.
How does education affect birth and death rate?
-Education affects birth rate because educated people are more likely to understand and take part in family planning and have know about contraceptives.
-Education affects death rate because it allows people to make good choices in relation to diets, personal hygiene and sanitation.
Name the 3 types of migration
Forced migration, individual migration and organised migration
How does status of women affect birth rate?
-A higher status creates a lower birth rate because women will receive a better education and will want to focus on their careers. They will also be able to make choices about family planning and will most likely have access to contraceptives.
-A lower status results in a higher birth rate because women be married and have children at a young age. They will also have larger families.
How does technology affect death rate?
-Technological advances has improved farm machinery, which increases food supplies, and improved water treatment equipment, which provides clean and safe drinking water.
How does healthcare affect birth and death rate?
-Improvement in healthcare has reduced the amount of child mortalities, resulting in higher birth rates.
-Healthcare affects death rate because improvements in vaccinations and antibiotics has helped people to survive many illnesses.
Describe the population, economy, death rate and birth rate in stage 1 of the demographic transition model
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population- fluctuating or growing slowly
birth rate- high
death rate- high
economy- poorly developed
describe the population, economy, death rate and birth rate in stage 2 of the demographic transition model
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population- growing very quickly
birth rate- high
death rate- decreasing
economy- starting to grow
describe the population, economy, death rate and birth rate in stage 3 of the demographic transition model
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population- rate of growth slows down
birth rate- decreasing
death rate- low
economy- continuing to grow
describe the population, economy, death rate and birth rate in stage 4 of the demographic transition model
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population- fluctuates and only increases slowly
birth rate- low
death rate- low
economy- developed
describe the population, economy, death rate and birth rate in stage 5 of the demographic transition model
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population- natural decrease
birth rate- low
death rate- low
economy- very well developed
