Population Structure and Migration

Question 1

What do population pyramids show?

Answer 1

Population structure

Question 2

How will a population pyramid show high life expectancy?

Answer 2

Population pyramid goes very high up, age is high

Question 3

How can a population pyramid show that women live longer than men, and vise versa?

Answer 3

One will go higher than the other

Question 4

Why might a population pyramid have an indent at ages 75-85?

Answer 4

Low birth rate when they were born (WW1)

High death rate (WW2)

Question 5

Why might there be more aged 25-50?

Answer 5

Baby boom after WW2

Question 6

What does a narrow base mean?

Answer 6

Low birth rate

Question 7

What’s the population pyramid for stage 1 of the DTM?

Answer 7

High birth rate and death rate

Low life expectancy

Question 8

What’s the population pyramid for stage 2 of the DTM?

Answer 8

High birth rate, falling death rate

Long life expectancy

Population explosion

Question 9

What’s the population structure for stage 3 of the DTM?

Answer 9

Falling birth rate and death rate

More people live to be elderly

Question 10

What’s the population structure for stage 4 of the DTM?

Answer 10

Low birth rate and death rate

High life expectancy, lots of elderly people

Question 11

What’s the population structure for stage 5 of the DTM?

Answer 11

Birth rate drops below death rate

Population declines

Increasing number of elderly

Question 12

Define migration

Answer 12

Movement of people between or within countries

Question 13

Define immigration

Answer 13

Movement of people into a country

Question 14

Define emigration

Answer 14

Movement of people out of a country

Question 15

What 3 ways can migration affect the population pyramid?

Answer 15

Internal migration

Emigration away from countries at later DTM stages

Immigration into countries at later DTM stages

Question 16

How does internal migration affect a countries population structure?

Answer 16

Migration from rural to urban areas affects number of working people, rural-urban migration

Can affect birth rate as migrants are of reproductive ages

Question 17

How does emigration away from a country at later DTM stages affect a countries population structure?

Answer 17

Decrease the population of the country they’ve left

E.g. elderly people in the UK retiring and moving elsewhere, decreases UK population, increases other countries population

Question 18

How does immigration into countries at later DTM stages affect a countries population structure?

Answer 18

Increases population of people of working and reproductive age, increases population of young people and BR

Question 19

What causes migration?

Answer 19

Push and pull factors

Question 20

Define push factors

Answer 20

Things that make people want to move out of the place they’re in

Negative

E.g. lack of jobs, disease, war

Question 21

Define pull factors

Answer 21

Things that attract people to a new place

Positive

E.g. better jobs, better living conditions

Question 22

What two things affect migration?

Answer 22

Obstacles and opportunities

Question 23

Define obstacles

Answer 23

Things at make migration more difficult

E.g. Cost of moving

Question 24

Define opportunities

Answer 24

Opportunities individuals encounter which stop them from reaching their intended destination

E.g. Polish going to Ireland for work, stop in London as there are plenty of jobs there

Question 25

Define population structure

Answer 25

The number or % of males and females in different age groups within a population