Population Genetics

Question 1

What is the definition of population genetics?

Answer 1

The study of changes in allele frequencies within and between populations

Question 2

What are the 5 forces that may impact allele frequency?

Answer 2

1. Mutation
2. Migration
3. Selection
4. Gene Drift
5. Gene flow

Question 3

Write out the Hardy Weinberg Equation

Answer 3

sum of allele frequencies = p^2 + 2pq + q^2

Question 4

What is genetic drift?

Answer 4

It is the random, non-selective changes to allele frequencies

Question 5

What size populations are more likely to be affected by genetic drift?

Answer 5

Smaller ones

Question 6

What are the two forms of competition in sexual selection?

Answer 6

Between the same sex, or selection of the opposite sex

Question 7

What is the 1000 genomes project?

Answer 7

It is a research initiative that tried to catalogue over 2500 genes across ethnic groups

Question 8

How many variants are there per genome?

Answer 8

4-5 million

Question 10

Why are singletons important?

Answer 10

They estimate the aptitude of generating diversity

Question 11

How do we calculate a fixation index?

Answer 11

= (Ht - Hs)/Ht where H is heterozygosity

Question 12

What does a fixation value of 0 mean?

Answer 12

There is no genetic variation in populations

Question 13

What does a fixation value of 1 mean?

Answer 13

There is no genetic similarity between populations