Population Change Case Studies

Question 1

Name 5 Criticisms of the One Child Policy

Answer 1

1. Boys are more valued than boys in chinese society -> unbalanced society 120 males : 100 females
2. Only children are spoilt “Little Emperors Syndrome”
3. Forced abortions in hospitals, doctors under pressure to kill children in 1983 there were 16 million forced abortions
4. Children sent to orphanages 9 out of 10 died in the first year
5. Female infanticide “China’s Lost Girls”

Question 2

Name 4 successes of the One Child Policy

Answer 2

1. Birth Rates have fallen from 32 per thousand to 16 per thousand
2. Less pressure on resources and better standard of living
3. Prevented famine in China
4. Education was improved

Question 3

Describe the One Child Policy and its rules

Answer 3

Only allowed one child
Couples could only marry and have children in their late 20s
Free healthcare for family if they had one child
Fines for more than one child
10% pay cuts if they had more children

Question 4

Name 5 recent changes to the One Child Policy

Answer 4

1. Only children can now have more than one child
2. Ethnic minorities can have more than one child to increase diversity
3. Rural area people can have more than one child
4. 400 million people were never born
5. There are now ageing population problems

Question 5

What is the ratio boys to girls in China?

Answer 5

120 males : 100 females

Question 6

How has the birth rate changed with the introduction of the One Child Policy?

Answer 6

32 per thousand to 16 per thousand

Question 7

Describe the number of forced abortions because of the One Child Policy?

Answer 7

In 1983 there were 16 million forced abortions

Question 8

How many children have not been born because of the One Child Policy?

Answer 8

400 million

Question 9

Why can people migrate from Poland to the UK?

Answer 9

Poland joined the EU in 2004 which allows free movement of labour

Question 10

Give 2 push factors from Poland

Answer 10

1. Weaker Economy

2. 40% unemployment rate

Question 11

Give 2 pull factors to the UK (from Poland)

Answer 11

1. Paid 4-5 times as much in the UK

2. Skilled jobs are high in demand 25% of migrants are graduates

Question 12

Give 2 impacts on Poland because of migration

Answer 12

1. It has an ageing population

2. Labour shortages and skill shortages in Poland

Question 13

Give 2 positive impacts on the UK because of Polish migration

Answer 13

1. Contributed £2.5 billion to UK economy

2. They contribute to taxes and take people jobs that they do not want

Question 14

Give 2 negative impacts of on the UK because of Polish migration

Answer 14

1. Greater pressure on services like Education and NHS

2. Take UK citizens jobs

Question 15

Give 4 strategies for Gambia’s youthful population

Answer 15

1. Family Planning (Non Government Organisation) called Futures that helps women plan their families using contraception
2. Child health programme, vaccines to reduce IMR and stop women having as many children
3. Forest sustainability, source of energy
4. Education of women to show them how to look after themselves and their children.

Question 16

Explain the issues that are causing Gambia’s youthful population (Soc, Eco, Env)

Answer 16

Economic
1. Poverty and Unemployment can not afford houses
Social
1. Lack of medical care and education
2. Lack of sanitation, clean water and food
3. Status of Women and Muslim religion it is bad to talk about not having children
Environmental
1. Deforestation (firewood needed)
2. Urbanisation
3. Resources, health and education

Question 17

Evaluate the success of Gambia in slowing down the population increase

Answer 17

Slowed increase of population from 4.2% a year to 3% a year

Question 18

Use facts to show how strategies will help with Gambia’s Youthful Population

Answer 18

1. Improve maternal health, 11 in every 1000 mothers die giving birth
2. Family planning to slow down Birth Rate which was 40 in every thousand
3. Child health programme to reduce IMR which was 73 in every thousand

Question 19

What are the 5 strategies for Devons ageing population?

Answer 19

1. Retirement accommodation
2. Increase retirement age
3. Private pension schemes
4. Enable people to stay in homes (rather than hospitals) equip with stair lifts etc
5. Encourage EU migration

Question 20

What are the 6 issues with Devons ageing population? (Soc, Eco, Infra)

Answer 20

Economic
1. Healthcare costs
2. Tax burden and pension costs
Social
1. Social isolation 
2. Moral dilemma of how to cope with them
Infrastructure
1. Transport needs
2. Accommodation demands

Question 21

What are the facts for Devons ageing population?

Answer 21

Birth Rate is 10 per thousand so high proportion are elderly

16% of population is elderly

Question 22

What positive impacts has Devons ageing population had?

Answer 22

In 2005 contributed £215 billion called the Grey Pound
Look after Grandchildren. childcare costs
Voting power called the grey lobby