Population Change Case Studies Flashcards
Name 5 Criticisms of the One Child Policy
- Boys are more valued than boys in chinese society -> unbalanced society 120 males : 100 females
- Only children are spoilt “Little Emperors Syndrome”
- Forced abortions in hospitals, doctors under pressure to kill children in 1983 there were 16 million forced abortions
- Children sent to orphanages 9 out of 10 died in the first year
- Female infanticide “China’s Lost Girls”
Name 4 successes of the One Child Policy
- Birth Rates have fallen from 32 per thousand to 16 per thousand
- Less pressure on resources and better standard of living
- Prevented famine in China
- Education was improved
Describe the One Child Policy and its rules
Only allowed one child
Couples could only marry and have children in their late 20s
Free healthcare for family if they had one child
Fines for more than one child
10% pay cuts if they had more children
Name 5 recent changes to the One Child Policy
- Only children can now have more than one child
- Ethnic minorities can have more than one child to increase diversity
- Rural area people can have more than one child
- 400 million people were never born
- There are now ageing population problems
What is the ratio boys to girls in China?
120 males : 100 females
How has the birth rate changed with the introduction of the One Child Policy?
32 per thousand to 16 per thousand
Describe the number of forced abortions because of the One Child Policy?
In 1983 there were 16 million forced abortions
How many children have not been born because of the One Child Policy?
400 million
Why can people migrate from Poland to the UK?
Poland joined the EU in 2004 which allows free movement of labour
Give 2 push factors from Poland
- Weaker Economy
2. 40% unemployment rate
Give 2 pull factors to the UK (from Poland)
- Paid 4-5 times as much in the UK
2. Skilled jobs are high in demand 25% of migrants are graduates
Give 2 impacts on Poland because of migration
- It has an ageing population
2. Labour shortages and skill shortages in Poland
Give 2 positive impacts on the UK because of Polish migration
- Contributed £2.5 billion to UK economy
2. They contribute to taxes and take people jobs that they do not want
Give 2 negative impacts of on the UK because of Polish migration
- Greater pressure on services like Education and NHS
2. Take UK citizens jobs
Give 4 strategies for Gambia’s youthful population
- Family Planning (Non Government Organisation) called Futures that helps women plan their families using contraception
- Child health programme, vaccines to reduce IMR and stop women having as many children
- Forest sustainability, source of energy
- Education of women to show them how to look after themselves and their children.
Explain the issues that are causing Gambia’s youthful population (Soc, Eco, Env)
Economic
1. Poverty and Unemployment can not afford houses
Social
1. Lack of medical care and education
2. Lack of sanitation, clean water and food
3. Status of Women and Muslim religion it is bad to talk about not having children
Environmental
1. Deforestation (firewood needed)
2. Urbanisation
3. Resources, health and education
Evaluate the success of Gambia in slowing down the population increase
Slowed increase of population from 4.2% a year to 3% a year
Use facts to show how strategies will help with Gambia’s Youthful Population
- Improve maternal health, 11 in every 1000 mothers die giving birth
- Family planning to slow down Birth Rate which was 40 in every thousand
- Child health programme to reduce IMR which was 73 in every thousand
What are the 5 strategies for Devons ageing population?
- Retirement accommodation
- Increase retirement age
- Private pension schemes
- Enable people to stay in homes (rather than hospitals) equip with stair lifts etc
- Encourage EU migration
What are the 6 issues with Devons ageing population? (Soc, Eco, Infra)
Economic 1. Healthcare costs 2. Tax burden and pension costs Social 1. Social isolation 2. Moral dilemma of how to cope with them Infrastructure 1. Transport needs 2. Accommodation demands
What are the facts for Devons ageing population?
Birth Rate is 10 per thousand so high proportion are elderly
16% of population is elderly
What positive impacts has Devons ageing population had?
In 2005 contributed £215 billion called the Grey Pound
Look after Grandchildren. childcare costs
Voting power called the grey lobby
