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Population Flashcards

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0
Q

Birth rate def.

A

The amount of babies born in a year.

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1
Q

Fluctuation def.

A

Rising and falling

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2
Q

Death rate def.

A

The amount of people that have died in a year.

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3
Q

The population in developing countries?

A

Increases faster than developed countries

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4
Q

Why did this increase occur?

A

Agricultural revolution- no famine

Industrial and scientific revolution- better machinery, farming techniques, advances in healthcare and medicine

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5
Q

What are the populations of the continents Asia and Africa doing?

A

Increasing rapidly

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6
Q

America, Japan and Europe’s population is?

A

Increasing slowly

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7
Q

Germany’s population

A

Decreasing

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8
Q

Name the 5 stages of the population cycle

A
  1. High fluctuating stage
  2. Early expanding stage
  3. Late expanding stage
  4. Low fluctuating stage
  5. Senile stage
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9
Q

What happens in stage one?

A

High birth rate
High death rate
Low pop growth bc of famine+ natural disasters
Eg: remote groups

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10
Q

What happens in stage 2

A

Economy improves
Money spent on health care and water
Birth rate still high, death rate drops
Eg: India

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11
Q

Stage 3:

A

Social and economic development grows

People stop having more children and most people survive to adulthood

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12
Q

Stage 4:

A

Wealthy country
Family planning widespread
Low birth and death rate
Eg: USA

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13
Q

Stage 5:

A

V few children
Death rate higher than birth
Pop starts to decline
Eg: Germany

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14
Q

How does food supply affect population

A

People have enough food they are healthy

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15
Q

Improved technology?

A

Farming has improved as result of better machines
Use of fertilisers and irrigation
Boosted food supply

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16
Q

Health?

A

Improved access to drinking water decreases diseases (cholera, dysentery)
Improved vaccination stop diseases
Improved knowledge of health

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17
Q

War?

A

Millions killed in wars

During war: agriculture and water supplies and health services are destroyed

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18
Q

Status of women?

A

Wealthy countries- women have high status
Women get High education
Many choose career over family

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19
Q

Education:

A

Gives people (esp women) control over their lives
Educated women plan family size
They learn abt good health and hygiene
Reduces illness

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20
Q

What are population pyramids for

A

Useful way to study structure of country’s population

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21
Q

How is it arranged?

A

Age groups by 4 yrs

Male left female right

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22
Q

Population pyramid of Brazil?

A

Widest base
Birth rate high
Narrow at top- low life exp

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23
Q

Pop pyramid of Ireland

A 
Widest among y.a
Migration of East European y.a's helps w/ percentage
Less kids and teenagers
Birth rate less now
Better family planning
Working mothers
Older ages- higher
Life exp higher than Brazil
Women live longer than men
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24
Q

Pop pyramid of Germany

A

Base is narrow
V few children born is last decades
More older ppl
Women live longer than men

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25
Q

Ageing population

A

Cost of pensions for elderly in Ireland and Germany likely to grow
Caring for elderly- challenge for healthcare
Ireland and Germany are greying

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26
Q

Is population growth good or bad

A 
Has been rapid since 1800 esp since 1950
Loving longer lives
Less kids dying 
Too many people
Should try to stop growth
More ppl= more problems ( desertification, extinction, global warming)
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27
Q

Social and historical factors of for west of Ireland

A 
Famine halted growth
Died of hunger
Eldest son inherited land
Pop declined steadily from after famine til 1960's
Reversed then
Gov. Multinational corporations to invest in Ireland
Joined EU in 73
Celtic tiger began in 1995
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28
Q

Social and historical factors Brazil

A

5 mil inhabitants lived in Brazil b4 European discovery of Americas
Mainly hunters/ gatherers
Low pop dens
Portuguese colonists arrived
E Coast suitable for growing coffee and sugar
Ports built to transport goods back to Europe
Pop dens rose sharply
People settles on s coast
New capital built 1,000 km inland

29
Q

Social and historical facts Brazil (part 2)

A

New roads and settlers offered free land
Mineral resources found
Settling on interior not easy extreme weather

30
Q

What are biofuels

A

Energy sources can be extracted from corn sugar grass

31
Q

Why does North dublin have a low pop dens

A

Airport

Market gardening on farmland

32
Q

Why has it expanded to west

A

Terrain is flat

33
Q

What resources does dublin have

A

Largest port
Jobs
High dens houses

34
Q

Why can dublin not expand to the south

A

Mountains in way

35
Q

Pop of Sweden

A

9.1 mil

36
Q

Central and South of Sweden

A 
Pop dens higher
Rolling terrain
Extreme South warm enough to grow cereals
C. Rich in iron ore
Malmö- ice free
37
Q

Northern Sweden

A 
Pop dens v low
Above Arctic circle
200 days of snow
Less attractive bc of cost of living
Gulf of bothania freezes for 5 months
Sami people, in far north
38
Q

What can low pop dens lead to

A

Low marriage rates
Abandonment of agricultural land
Political and economic isolation

39
Q

W of Ireland

A

B. 1930’s matchmakers
Girls moved to Britain and dublin to be nurses and teachers
Young farmer finish education at 13
Mass 2nd ed in 60’s lead to farmers being more confident

40
Q

Abandonment of agricultural land in w of Ireland

A

Impossible to make living from just farming
Farmers kids go to college
Economic opps in service industries in places like letterkenny provide non agricultural jobs

41
Q

Political and economic isolation in w of Ireland

A

West distant from dub
Small no of Tds and senators
Edge of Ireland less likely for companies to locate there

42
Q

Mali

A 
Landlocked
S Mali Sahel
N Mali Sahara
12x size of Ireland
Low pop dens
Most ppl in s bc of high rainfall
43
Q

Drought in Mali

A 
Many
Scrub stripped by grazing animals
Scarce timber for firewood
Desertification
Herders abandon land for cities in South
44
Q

Political and economic isolation in Mali

A 
Poor road rail links to neighbours
Foreign trade v low
Gold mines provide employment
Gov joined WTO and African Union 
Good links w/ USA
45
Q

High pop dens can lead to

A

Pollution
Overcrowding
Shortage of clean water
Pollution

46
Q

Overcrowding in Kolkata

A 
Many areas have dens of over 32,000
Country ppl migrate there bc of eviction poverty and famine
3 gens in one home
Many ppl homeless
Pollution health threat
47
Q

Shortage of clean water in Kolkata

A

Middle class hotels have water on tap
Electricity powered water filter
Poor districts no water
Pipes on pavement provide water

48
Q

Lack of open space in Kolkata

A 
Centre of city large park
No gardens
City life on pavements
Ppl sell stuff there
Underground railway system
49
Q

High rise living in Hong Kong

A

Most of population live in high rises
Each block hundreds of families
I per mother
Houseboats also

50
Q

Water supply in Hong Kong

A

Plover cove dammed for fresh water
China provides water
Seawater goes into flushing toilets

51
Q

Pollution in Hong Kong

A

Teeming w/ factories and workshops
Air pollution problem
From power plants and traffic
Red tide in bays- health risk

52
Q

Child mortality

A

No. Of children who. Die under the age of 5

53
Q

Child mortality in North

A 
Healthy mothers so heathy babies
Good preg care
Maternity hospitals
Vaccinations
Clean water
Educated
54
Q

Child mortality in South

A

Mother birth at home
No healthcare so babies could die
At risk from measles and whooping cough
Uneducated mothers use Unboiled water

55
Q

Life exp in North

A

Access to health care and hospitals
Vaccinations
Clean water
Low infant mortality rate

56
Q

Life exp in South

A

Women die in childbirth

Malnutrition= malaria and tb

57
Q

Migration

A

2 types

58
Q

Migrant

A

Moves from one place to another
Internal: moves from say dub to Mayo
International: from one country to another

59
Q

Emigrant

A

Leaves one country to live in another

60
Q

Immigrant

A

Migrates into country from another

61
Q

Pull factors

A 
Prospect of better life
Better education
Jobs
Social life
Better housing
62
Q

Push factors

A 
Poor standard of living
No services
No jobs
Living conditions
War and unrest
63
Q

Push factors from Ireland in 19th century

A

Hunger and poverty

64
Q

Pull factors of UK in 19th century

A

Opportunities
Short sea voyGe
Jobs

65
Q

Pull of USA

A

English
Jobs
Opportunity

66
Q

Migration in 50’s

A

Loss of pop

411,000 left

67
Q

60’s

A

Pop grew

Jobs at home

68
Q

70’s

A

Pop grew again

Joined EU

69
Q

80’s

A

Outward migration began again

200.000 é migrants well educated and paid abroad

70
Q

90’s

A

Celtic tiger
50,000 jobs
Migrants returned

71
Q

2000’s

A

Economy grew to more than 2m workers

Geography (9 decks)

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