Climates and Natural Regions

Question 0

What is latitude?

Answer 0

The distance North or South of equator.

Question 1

Name 3 factors that influence climate.

Answer 1

Latitude
Distance from sea/ocean
Prevailing winds/air masses

Question 2

What happens to areas close to the sea every summer/winter?

Answer 2

Cooled by the water in the summer and warmed up by it in the winter

Question 3

Area of land close to the sea have a…?

Answer 3

Small temperature range

Question 4

In what way does water absorb heat in summer/winter?

Answer 4

Quickly in winter/ slowly in summer

Question 5

What way does land absorb heat in summer/winter?

Answer 5

Absorbs quickly in summer and loses it quickly in winter

Question 6

What kind of winters/summers do inland areas far from the sea have?

Answer 6

Very hot summers and cold winters

Question 7

Winds and air masses can…?

Answer 7

Make an area colder, warmer, wetter or dryer

Question 8

Where do Northerly Winds come from?

Answer 8

Cold, high latitudes

Question 9

Northerly winds bring what in winter?

Answer 9

Snow

Question 10

Where do Southerly winds come from?

Answer 10

Lower latitudes

Question 11

What do they bring?

Answer 11

Rainfall

They cool as they move to higher latitudes

Question 12

South westerly winds?

Answer 12

Cool in summer, sea takes longer to heat than land
Mild in winter, sea cools slower than land
Rainbearing

Question 13

Easterly winds?

Answer 13

Warm in summer
Cold in winter
Dry, little moisture to absorb overland

Question 14

What are the factors that influence local climate?

Answer 14

Aspect

Altitude

Question 15

What is aspect?

Answer 15

Direction in which a slope is facing

Northern hemisphere warmer bc: sun shines directly, warm southerly winds, protected from cold winds

Question 16

What is altitude?

Answer 16

Height above sea level
Temp drops 7 degrees for each 1000m you go up bc:
Air thinner
Upland areas more exposed to wind. known as wind-chill factor

Question 17

What is a natural region?

Answer 17

An area that has its own unique characteristics that make it different to other areas

Question 18

Characteristics are…?

Answer 18

Climates
Natural vegetation
Wildlife
Cold climates

Question 19

What are the main world climates?

Answer 19

Hot
Temperate
Cold

Question 20

Where are most hot climates found?

Answer 20

In latitudes 30 degrees north and south of equator

Question 21

What are characteristics of an Equatorial climate?

Answer 21

Hot all year (28 degrees)
One season
Rain every afternoon
Rainfall 2000mm/ year 
Rainforest/Jungle
Exotic birds, snakes, butterflies, monkeys

Question 22

What are characteristics of a Savanna climate?

Answer 22

Hot all year (25-35 degrees)
2 seasons
Wet summers/ Dry winters
Scattered trees/grasslands
Cattle, cheetas, giraffes, lions

Question 23

What are characteristics of a Desert climate?

Answer 23

Day: 30-50 degrees. Night: 5 degrees
Precipitation: V little rain 100mm year
Long droughts, sudden downpours

Question 24

What are some characteristics of a cactus?

Answer 24

Thick bark, prevents moisture loss Stores water inside Roots spread out to get water Needles to protect from animals

Question 25

What are some characteristics of a camel?

Answer 25

Long eyelashes Opening/closing nostrils Thick skin in legs to lay on hot sand Can store fat in humps

Question 26

What is an oasis?

Answer 26

A fertile are in desert where water is found

Question 27

What is desertification?

Answer 27

Turning of land to desert

Question 28

When does it occur?

Answer 28

When desert conditions spread to once fertile areas

Question 29

Name an area affected by desertification

Answer 29

The Sahel

Question 30

What are the causes of desertification?

Answer 30

Climate change | Human factors

Question 31

Name a group of people affected by this

Answer 31

The Tuareg

Question 32

Why would climate change cause this?

Answer 32

Rainfall unreliable Higher temps lead to increased evaporation and less condensation Droughts

Question 33

How could human factors influence it?

Answer 33

countries in Sahel have high birth rate- more demand for food Cattle leads to overgrazing Farmers change way of farming quickly and soil loses nutrients Trees and shrubs cut down

Question 34

What are results of desertification?

Answer 34

``` Died of famine People had to move to refugee camps Moved to urban area (growth of slums) Animals dead Areas unable to support agriculture Towns swallowed by sand ```

Question 35

What are solutions to desertification?

Answer 35

Planting trees to slow soil erosion Bind soil particles by planting grass resistant to drought Dig deeper wells New breeds of animal

Question 36

What are some features of a cool temperate climate?

Answer 36

``` Warm in summer (15-17) Mild in winter (4-6) Temp range- 11 degrees Between 800-2000mm of rain Weather cloudy and changes often Deciduous forest- oak, ash, elm, willow ```

Question 37

What are some features of a Mediterranean climate?

Answer 37

``` Hot summers (30) some drought Close to equator sun is high High pressure belts and trade winds Cloudless skies Mild winters (4-6) 400-700 mm Vegetation: evergreen woodland, cork oak, cypress, cedar ```

Question 38

What is the landscape like in Mediterranean?

Answer 38

Sheep and goats- overgrazing Erosion from sudden rain Fruit and veg farming Irrigation schemes

Question 39

What is tourism like in the Mediterranean?

Answer 39

Main industry- Costa del sol | Brings- jobs, pollution, water shortages, badly planned developments

Question 40

Tundra climate?

Answer 40

``` Without trees Summers short and cool Less than 250 mm Little vegetation- heather moss liches Animal and bird in summer ```

Question 41

Boreal climate

Answer 41

Means northern Low precipitation Taiga forests

Question 42

Taiga forest

Answer 42

Needles prevent moisture loss Roots spread Roots shallow- permafrost T