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Nervous System > Pons, Medulla, Mid-brain > Flashcards

Pons, Medulla, Mid-brain Flashcards

1
Q

Interventricular foramen

A

Connects the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle at the midline of the brain

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2
Q

Medulla oblongata

  • rises from
  • function
  • structures that are present there
A
  • rises from the myencephalon
  • contains vasomotor, cardiac, vomiting 2 respiratory centers
  • contains the gracile and cuneate nuclei, inferior olive nuclei, reticular formation, nuclei for 9th to 12th cranial nerves
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3
Q

Medullary pyramid

A

Triangular bundles of fibers in the medulla that creates ridges, they are separated by the anterior median fissure
-white matter

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4
Q

Pons

  • rises from
  • function
  • posterior to it
A
  • metencephalon
  • basic physiological functions: sleep, peeing , respiration
  • it is the rhomboid fossa
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5
Q

Mid brain

  • rises from
  • structures
  • function
A
  • mesencephalon
  • aqueduct, peduncle, tectum, substancia negra, red nucleus
  • imp in motor movement, specially of the eye
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6
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

Contains cerebrospinal fluid and it is the connection between the 3rd and the 4th ventricle

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7
Q

Tectum

A
  • consists of two paired structures: superior and inferior colliculus
  • responsible for auditory and visual reflexes
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8
Q

Cerebellum

  • location of gray and white matter
  • layers
  • lobes
  • structure that separates the two hemispheres
A
  • gray matter on the surface, white matter inside
  • 3 layers: molecular, purkinje and granular
  • 3 lobes: anterior, posterior, flocco-nodular
  • vermis
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9
Q

Developmental parts of the cerebellum

-name and characteristics

A

Archicerebellum –> oldest, includes the flocconodular lobe, just for balance
Paleocerebellum –> includes the anterior lobe, pyramis and uvula vermis
Neocerebellum –> newest, includes the posterior lobe

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10
Q

Cerebellum

-function

A
  • Coordinates skeletal muscle contraction

- Helps us to coordinate our movements

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11
Q

Cerebraspinal fluid

  • produced by
  • function
A
  • choroid plexus
  • nutrition and protection
  • fills the ventricles
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12
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Bundles of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres together

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13
Q

Pons - gray matter (5)

A
  1. Reticular formation
  2. Pontine nuclei
  3. Nuclei of trapezoid body
  4. Respiratory centers
  5. Nuclei of 5th and 8th pairs of cranial nerves
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14
Q

Mid- brain gray matter (5)

A
  1. Reticular formation
  2. Red nucleus
  3. Black substance
  4. Nuclei of 3rd and 4th pair of cranial nerves
  5. Tectum
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15
Q

Medulla oblongata gray matter (5)

A
  1. Inferior olivary nuclei
  2. Reticular formation
  3. Cardiac and Respiratory centers
  4. Nuclei of 9th and 12th pairs of cranial nerves
  5. Gracile and cuneate nuclei
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16
Q

Number of layers in the neocortex

A

6

17
Q

Cerebellar peduncles

-names

A
  • Superior
  • Inferior
  • Middle
18
Q

Superior cerebellar peduncles

  • characteristics
  • fibers
A
  • feed-back from cerebellum to cerebrum

- tractus spinocerebellaris anterior and tectocerebellaris

19
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncles

  • characteristics
  • fibers
A
  • connects cerebellum with spinal cord and medulla oblongata
  • tractus spinocerebellaris posterior, tractus olivocerebellaris, fibrae cuneocerebellaris
20
Q

Medial cerebellar peduncles

  • characteristics
  • fibers
A
  • signals from cerebrum to cerebellum

- fibrae pontocerebellaris

21
Q

Ventricle

A

Areas in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid

-4th, 3rd and lateral

22
Q

4th ventricle (3)

A
  • between cerebellum and pons
  • in the rhomboid fossa
  • walls are formed by cerebellar peduncles
23
Q

3rd ventricle

A

Area of the diencephalon

24
Q

Lateral ventricle (3)

A
  • big
  • 3 horns: frontal, occipital and temporal horn
  • in the hemispheres
25
Q

Reticular formation

-function (3)

A
  • control of involuntary movements
  • RAS system (regulating wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions)
  • Pain reception (understanding of pain)
26
Q

Limbic lobe vs. Limbic system

A

Lobe: belongs just to the hemispheres which are around the corpus callosum

System: set of structures in the brain which play an important role in regulating emotions

27
Q

Limbic system

  • function
  • structures that are part of it
A
  • in charge of memory, emotions and olfaction

- hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala

Nervous System (5 decks)

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