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Nervous System > Last lecture > Flashcards

Last lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Diencephalon

  • composed of
  • function
A
  • thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

- act as a primary relay and processing center for sensory info and autonomic control

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2
Q

Interthalamic adhesion

A

Connection between thalamus

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3
Q

Pineal gland

A
  • diencephalon

- control of sexual maturation

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4
Q

Thalamus

  • function
  • name of the nuclei
A
  • plays a key role in motor control
  • anterior, medial, ventral, lateral, posterior

ALESSIA MAKES VERY LITTLE PANCAKES

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5
Q

Thalamus nuclei

-characteristics of anterior, medial and ventral

A

anterior –> part of the limbic system

medial –> awareness of emotions

ventral –> somesthetic output to the postcentral gyrus

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6
Q

Thalamus nuclei

-characteristics of lateral and posterior

A

lateral –> somesthetic output to association areas of the cortex, limbic system

posterior –> visual and auditory functions

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7
Q

Hypothalamus

-functions (3)

A
  • regulation of all body functions: thermoregulation, emotions, biological clock
  • major control center of autonomic nervous system and endocrine system
  • produce hormones which are stores in the pituitary: oxytocin and ADH
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8
Q

Frontal lobe

-gyrus and sulci (6)

A
  • superior gyrus, middle gyrus and inferior gyrus
  • superior and inferior sulci
  • precentral gyrus
  • precentral sulcus
  • orbital and straight gyri
  • sulcus olfactorius
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9
Q

Parietal lobe

-gyrus and sulci (4)

A
  • superior parietal lobule
  • inferior parietal lobule
  • sulcus intraperitalis (biggest)
  • post- central gyrus (gets all the sensations coming to our brain
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10
Q

Operculum

A
  • in the parietal lobe

- one possible location of taste centers

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11
Q

Occipital lobe

-gyrus and sulci

A

-Cuneus gyrus –> between the sulcus calcarinus and the parietal sulcus

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12
Q

Temporal lobe

-gyrus and sulci (2)

A
  • superior, inferior and middle gyri

- superior and inferior sulcus separates the gyri

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13
Q

Limbic lobe

-gyrus and sulci

A
  • Cingulate gyrus –> around corpus callosum

- Parahyppocampalis –> role in memory encoding

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14
Q

Meninges

-names and characteristics

A

Pia matter –> closest to the brain and spinal cord
Dura matter –> furthest and strongest
Arachnoid matter –> lots of fibers

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15
Q

Meninges

-spaces between them

A
  • Sub- arachnoid space –> between arachnoid and pia, contains CSF
  • Epidural space –> around the dura matter, ONLY IN THE SPINAL CORD
  • Sub- dural space –> between arachnoid and dura
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16
Q

Mammillary body

A

Relay signals from the limbic system to the thalamus

17
Q

3 places where there are gray matter in the cerebrum

A
  • Limbic system
  • Basal nuclei
  • Cerebral cortex
18
Q

Name the lobes of the brain

A 
Frontal 
Parietal 
Occipital 
Temporal 
Limbic 
Insula
19
Q

3 important sulci that everybody has

A

Central: separates frontal from parietal
Lateral: separates temporal from frontal and parietal
Parietal- occipital: separates parietal from occipital

20
Q

Hippocampus

A

one of the oldest areas of the brain, around the fornix

21
Q

Fornix

A

gray and white matter around the corpus calleosum

22
Q

Broca area

A
  • only in the frontal lobe

- association motor speech center

23
Q

Warnicke area

A
  • speech sensory center

- only in the parietal lobe

24
Q

Association areas

-two types

A

Motor –> complex movements. Ex: speech

Sensory –> evaluate and understand sensations

25
Q

Primary Somesthetic area

  • location
  • characteristics
A
  • post-central gyrus

- primary sensory area

26
Q

Homunculus

A

the more receptors, the bigger the area it occupies in the gyrus

27
Q

Primary motor area

-location

A

-pre- central gyrus

28
Q

Basal nuclei

A

-motor control
-aggergations of gray matter inside the hemispheres
-

29
Q

Basal nuclei

-names and characteristics

A
  • Lentiform: part of putamen, autonomic involuntary movements
  • Caudate; head, body and tail, autonomic involuntary movements
  • Amygdala: part of the limbic system
  • Claustrum: part of the limbic system
30
Q

Right and Left hemispheres

-what each side is responsible for

A

Right: musical ability, recognition of faces, nonverbal thought

Left: verbal memory, speech, rational

31
Q

Important sinuses in the brain

A 
Superior 
Transverse 
Sigmoid 
Inferior sagittal 
Straight
32
Q

Which sinuses do not leave impression on the bone?

A

Inferior sagittal and straight

33
Q

Falx cerebri

A

Folds of dura matter separating the two hemispheres

34
Q

Cisterns

  • definition
  • names
A
  • areas where there are large accumulations of spinal fluid

- interpeduncular and cerebelomedullary

35
Q

Interpeduncular cistern

A

Encloses the cerebral peduncles

36
Q

Cerebelomedullary cistern

A

Between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata

Nervous System (5 decks)

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