POM QS

Question 1

Which enzyme catalyses the conversion of dihydroxyacetate into glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate?

Answer 1

Triose phosphate isomerase

Lack of this enzyme cause glycolytic enzymopathy and can be fatal. Sufferers tend to die within 6 years

Question 2

What type of reaction occurs during conversation of 2- phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate?

Answer 2

This is a group removal and dehydration reaction

Question 3

Net gain of ATP and NADH during glycolysis

Answer 3

The net gain is 2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 4

How is the rate of glycolysis controlled?

• phosphoglucose is an allosteric enzyme
• glucose-6-phosphate inhibits hexokinase
• pyruvate saturation within cytoplasm
• phosphofructokinase activity is controlled by ATP and ATP is an inhibitor

Answer 4

D phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme therefore ATP concentrations that are elevated express inhibitory effect on enzyme - reduction in activity

Question 5

Which enzymes can be used as a diagnostic tool for myocardial infarction?

Answer 5

Lactate dehydrogenase- present in heart, liver, kidneys, skeletal muscles, blood and lungs so when necrosis LDH is released into the circulation
Creatine kinase - in muscles and the heart and small amounts in brain

Question 6

What is the purpose of thiamine

Answer 6

Thiamine pyrophosphate is a co factor of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. It loses an electron and the carbaion can attack pyruvate.

Lack of thiamine causes Beri Beri disease

Question 7

How many things and what things are produced in the Krebs cycle?

Answer 7

2CO2 3NADH, 1FADH2, ATP, GTP

Question 8

What kind of amino acid is alanine?

Answer 8

Glucogenic

Question 9

What are the 7 molecules that arise from the degradation of amino acids?

Answer 9

Pyruvate, acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, a-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, fumarate, oxaloacetate

Question 10

Molecules and order the oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 10

NADH dehydrogenase 
Ubiquinone 
Cytochrome BC1 
Cytochrome C 
Cytochrome oxidase complex

Question 11

Max ATP from one glucose molecule

Answer 11

38

Question 12

Which part of the ATP ase Fo subunit rotates

Answer 12

F0 - a,b,c
F1 - alpha beta and gamma
Hydrogen ions pass through the electrochemical gradient through the pore of the disk of the C subunit which rotates energy released and conformational change of y subunit