Inflammation Key Facts Flashcards
Causes of inflammation
Pathogens Allergens Auto antigens Physical damage Extreme temperatures Non apoptotic cell death
Disease that result to inflammation
Infection Autoimmunity Hypersensitivity Trauma Fibrotic disease Cancer
Cells involved in inflammation
Neutrophills Macrophages Lymphocytes Eosinophills Mast cells
What are the four canonical features
Pain
Swelling
Hear
Redness
2 main vasodilators
Nitric acid
Histamine
Principle source of histamine
Mast cells
Basophills
Platelets
Action of histamine
Vasodilation
Increased vascular permeability
Endothelial activation
Principle source of prostaglandins
Mast cells leukocytes
Action of postaglandins
Vasodilation
Pain
Fever
What are some cytokines involved in inflammation
TNF, IL-1
Principle sources of cytokines
Macrophages, endothelial cells
Mast celks
Action of cytokines
Endothelial activation (adhesion molecules) Fever Malaise Pain Anorexia Shock
Chemokines source
Leukocytes
Activated macrophages
Action of chemokines
Chemotaxis, leukocyte activation
What is the complement associated with inflammation
C5a C3a C4a
Principal sources of complement
Plasma, produced in the liver
Actions of complement
Leukocyte chemotaxis and activation
Vasodilation (mast cell stimulation)
Opsonisation
What is the exudate
Fluid proteins and cells that have seeped out of the blood vessel
What is an antigen 2
A molecular structure that can be recognised by an antibody
Any substance which the immune system can mount an antibofy or adaptive immune response
What is an immunogen
Antigen independently capable of driving an immune response in absence of additional substances
What is a hapten
A small molecule which does not alone act as an antigen but when bound to a larger molecule can create an antigen
Eg penicillin binding to a molecule which may cause theurapeutic processes
Some diseases which are characterised by chronic inflammation
Arthiritis Asthma IBS Glumerulonephritis Hepatitis Psoriasis Multiple sclerosis Generally last a life time
Some diseases associated with granulomatous?
TB Leprosy Foreign body granuloma Sarcoidosis Crohms disease
What is granulomatous inflammation?
Chronic inflammation with distinct pattern of granuloma formation
Disruption of surrounding tissue with clear distinct scarring
