pom- lab values Flashcards
myleoid precursers make these 4
rbc, platelet, granulocytes, monocytes
lymphoid precurers make
lymphocytes, plasma cells
cbc includes these 9 things
hbg, hct, rbc, mcv, mch, mchc, rdw, plt, wbc
draw the shorthand for cbc and chem 7
do it
normal rbc count in men and women
men 4.7-6.6X10^6 mm^3
women: 4.2-5.4X10^6mm^3
high rbc count means
polycythemia vera
low rbc count
anemia
hemoglobin normal, men and women
m 14-18 gm/dl
f- 12-16 gm/dl
high hmg?
polycythemia vera
low hmg?
anemia
normal hematocrit men and women
m- 42-54%
f- 37-47%
definition of crit
vol of packed eryth per 100cc
mean corpuscular volume
average volume of rbcs
range of mcv
90, plus or minus 7
high mcv
macrocytosis
low mcv
microcytosis
mean corpuscular hmg
average weight of hgb contained in a rbc
range mch
29 plus or minus 2 pg
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concetration
average conc of hgb in a given vol (100cc) of rbc
range of mchc
34 plus or minus 2 gm/dl
rbc distribution width
description of regularity of cell diameters, measured by couler counter
range of rbc dist width
11.8-14.1%
esr
eryth sed rate
low mch
hypochromic anemia
high mch
hyperchromia
high mchc
hereditary spherocytosis
low mchc
hypochromic anemias
normal esr
20mm/hr
increased esr means
inflamm
normal platelet count range
150,000-400,000 cell/mm^3
high platelet count?
inflamm, malignancy, post splenectomy
low platelet
immune /ideopathic, viral dz, SLE, drugs
normal wbc count
4500-11000/mm^3
high wbc count means
infeciton, malig
low wbc count
neutropenia, hematologic neoplastic dz, drug, virus
leukocytosis-
inc in wbc count- can be path or physio
physiologic reasons for leukocytosis
extreme temps, muscular activity, preg
patho reasons for leukocytosis
ITALIC I infection T tissue death A allergy L leukemia I inflammation C cancer
leukopenia causes- 4
megaloblastic anemia
bone marrow depression
malig neutropenia or myeloprolieratite sytnromes (leukkemia, polycythemia)
viral infection
to get total neutrophils, add – and –
segs and bands
neutrophils- normal percent in wbc differential
50-70 segs, 3-5 bands,
number is 3000-7000
lymphocyte normal percent in wbc differential
1000 - 3500, 20-40%
monocytes- percent in wbc diff
0-7%, 0-700
eo in wbc diff
0-5%, 0-500
baso in wbc diff
0-1%, 0-100
acute infection you see – shift in neutrophil
left shift- increase in bands
left shift
increase in bands (1-2 lobes)
left shift- lab values
> 20% bands or >80% neutrophil in total wbc count
right shift-
increased mature pmn- less common
cause for left shift- 6
acute infection physical/emotional stimuli toxemia hemorrhage leukemia diabetes
right shift- 4 causes
chronic inflamm
autoimmune dz
megaloblastic anemia
iron defiiceny
neutrophenia- mild, mod, sev
1000 1500 mild
500-1000 mod
>500 sev
when to do prophy for neutrophenia
less than 1000
cuases for neutropenia
cancer, ct dz, drug, rad, leuk
lymphocytosis cuases- 3
lymphoctyic leukemia, viral infection, chronic infection
lyphocytopenia causes
corticosteroids, renal dz, immunosuppresive meds, chemo, HIV
monocytosis- 4 causes
infeciton, monocytic leukemia, cancer, endocarditis
monocytopenia cause
bone marrow injury
eosinophilia- 5 causes
neoplasm, allergy, addisons, colalgen vascular dz, parasitic dz
eosinopenia- 3 cause
pyogenic infeciton, labor, shock
basophilia-
rare- caused by chronic myelogenous leukemia
basopenia
rare - caused by acute rheumatic fever, cushings syndrome
chem 7 tests these things- EXAM
sodium chloride potassium carbon dioxide blood urea nitrogen creatinin glucose
sodium range-
135-145 mEq/l
low sodium- hyponatremia - 3 things
chf, adrenal insufficiency, diuretics
hypernatremia- 2
vomiting, loss of h20
chloride range
98-106 mEq/l
potassium range
3.5-5 mEq/L
hyperkalemia- causes
renal failure, acidosis,
crush injury
hypokalemia
poor intake, vomiting
co2 range
21-30 mEq/l
high co2
metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis
low co2
metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis
blood urea nitrogen EXAM
10-20 mg/dl
BLOOD UREA NITROGEN MEASURES
RENTAL FXN
high blood urea nitrogen
azotemia, dec gfr, renal failure
low bun
esld, malnut
creatinine normal
.5-1.5mg/dl
high creat?
renal impairemnt
normal range glucose
70-100 mg/dl (fasting)
high glucose
dm, panc removal, cushings, glucocorticosteroid therapy, pheochromocytoma
low glucose
hepatic dz, addisons, excess insulin, insulin secrteing tumor, esld, pituitary hypofxn
lab tests for hemostasis
pt, platelet count, inr, ptt, sbt
inr=
pt pt/mean normal pt in secs
normal inr range
.8-1.2
atrial fib inr
2-3
tx and prev of venous thrombosis inr
2-3
post surg placment of hip prostheiss inr
2-3
mech prosth heart valve inr
2.5-3.5
pt- screening test to id deficiency in clotting factors -, - and -
v, vii, x
also, prothrombin and fibrinogen
pt also used to monitor tx with
warfarin- dec activity of Vii, ix, and x
prolonged pt- 5 things
liver dz, vit k def, disseminated intravascular coag, nephrotic syndrom, tx with ab, chemo, or antighromtoic
ptt- test for factors -
ix, viii, xi
ptt monitors for drug
heparin
prolonged ptt occurs in
factor def, factor inhib, anticoag with heparin, contamination of sample with heparin
