POM

Question 1

What question should you ask regarding skin?

Answer 1

Is there anything new or different? (shampoo/detergent/chemical/clothes and what not)

Question 2

We exam the skin by ___ and ___?

Answer 2

Palpation (turgor/temp/texture/mobility) and inspection (shape/color/characteristics/distribution)

Question 3

Difference between macule, papule and nodule/tumor?

Answer 3

Macule is flat/papule is slightly raised/nodule is more raised (wart)

Question 4

Difference between vesicle and pustule?

Answer 4

Vesicle (blister) is serous filled/pustule (acne) is pus filled

Question 5

Common example of wheal?

Answer 5

Mosquito bite (hives)

Question 6

Example of primary lesions?

Answer 6

Plaques/cyst/telangiectasia (dilated superficial vessels—>go away when pressed, come back when released)/bullae (large vesicles)

Question 7

Examples of secondary lesions (evolved from primary lesion)?

Answer 7

Excoriation (skin erosion caused by scratching)/lichenification (skin thickening due to chronic inflammation and scratching)/edema/crust/scale/fissure (crack)/erosion (skin your knee)/ulceration/atrophy/scar/hypo/hyper/depigmentation

Question 8

What is ABCDE for skin lesion?

Answer 8

Asymmetry/border/color/diameter/evolution

Question 9

What is the most common skin cancer?

Answer 9

Basal cell carcinoma (almost never metastasize) (dent in the middle)

Question 10

What is the second most common skin cancer?

Answer 10

Squamous cell cancer: ulcerated/scabbed/bleed/usually at sun exposed area

Question 11

Feature of melanoma?

Answer 11

Metastasize early and wide/at non-sun exposed area/lethal

Question 12

Features of eczematous dermatitis?

Answer 12

Thick crusting skin/cause by allergic contact or offending agent

Question 13

Rosacea?

Answer 13

Inflamed skin (rosy)/treat with sun protection and moisturizing

Question 14

Folliculitis?

Answer 14

Inflamed hair follicle by bacteria (staph)

Question 15

Cellulitis?

Answer 15

Infection forming bullae

Question 16

Psoriasis?

Answer 16

Slivery patch on extensor surface (elbow/knee)/nail pitting

Question 17

Acanthosis nigricans?

Answer 17

Leathery thickening of the skin at skin fold/obesity and diabetics

Question 18

Herpes zosters?

Answer 18

Group vesicles on a erythematous base/unilateral

Question 19

Vitiligo?

Answer 19

Autoimmune/depigmentation (think MJ)

Question 20

Alopecia areata?

Answer 20

Sudden lost of hair/patchy

Question 21

Cherry hemangiomas?

Answer 21

Capillary proliferation/older adult

Question 22

Seborrheic keratoses?

Answer 22

Benign proliferation of immature keratinocyte

Question 23

Plantar wart?

Answer 23

Callus looking patch with small black dots (blood vessel)

Question 24

Paronychia?

Answer 24

Infection in nail bed (nail biter)

Question 25

Onychomycosis?

Answer 25

Fungal infection of the nail

Question 26

Tinea cruris?

Answer 26

Rash fungal infection around the groin

Question 27

Tinea veriscolor?

Answer 27

Fungal infection causing hypopigmentation

Question 28

We use ___ to see who is in risk of pressure ulcer

Answer 28

Braden scale (the lower the score, the higher the risk)

Question 29

What are included in the Braden scale?

Answer 29

Sensory perception/moisture/activity and mobility/nutrition/friction and shear

Question 30

Why is specialty mattress good for preventing ulcer and why pillow is bad?

Answer 30

SM alternate pressure on the skin/pillow does not alternate pressure

Question 31

What abnormal vital sign can cause pressure ulcer?

Answer 31

FEVER

Question 32

What is skin maceration?

Answer 32

Exposed to moisture too long--->wrinkled

Question 33

Feature of venous ulcer?

Answer 33

Usually in limbs/color never really go away/irregular border

Question 34

Feature of arterial ulcer?

Answer 34

Necrotic/usually in toes and tips/punched out border

Question 35

What is the defining feature of a pressure ulcer?

Answer 35

Over a bone/hard object

Question 36

What is eschar?

Answer 36

Hard, dry, black. leather like--->expose to moisture--->become soft and slough

Question 37

What is a Me Too drug?

Answer 37

Take the existing drug--->change a little bit--->market it as a new drug or put two existing drugs together--->call it a new drug

Question 38

What is non-inferiority study?

Answer 38

Try to prove the drug is not inferior to the existing drug

Question 39

What is ghostwriting?

Answer 39

The ghost writer writes an article--->ask a PhD or important doc to put their name on it--->the article then is not what this PhD or important doc's work--->aim to sell drugs

Question 40

What is off label usage for doctors?

Answer 40

Doc can use whatever drugs they see fit

Question 41

What is case-control study?

Answer 41

Look for ppl with certain outcome and look backward to see any intervention

Question 42

What is allocation concealment?

Answer 42

Protection of the randomization process--->usually done by a 3rd party organization

Question 43

Is delirium often acute or chronic?

Answer 43

Acute

Question 44

Is dementia often acute or chronic?

Answer 44

Chronic

Question 45

Aging cause decrease function of __ and ___?

Answer 45

Immune system and organs