Polymers of carbohydrates Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the 4 polymers of carbohydrates?

A

Cellulose, amylose, amylopectin, and glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of cellulose?

A

Provides rigidity + strength to plant cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of amylose + amylopectin?

A

Stores glucose in plants for respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of glycogen?

A

Stores glucose in animals (liver + muscles) for respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the types of bonds in cellulose?

A

Beta glucose, 1-4 glycosidic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the types of bonds in amylose?

A

Alpha glucose, 1-4 glycosidic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the types of bonds in amylopectin?

A

Alpha glucose, 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the types of bonds in glycogen?

A

Alpha glucose, 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of cellulose?

A

Unbranched straight chain, long + insoluble, flexible, unreactive, high strength + support to cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the features of amylose?

A

Unbranched + coiled, compact for storage, insoluble (no effect on osmosis), large (cant cross cell membrane by simple diffusion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the features of amylopectin?

A

Branched - more ends to break off for rapid hydrolysis, compact, large, insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the features of glycogen?

A

Very branched, large, compact, insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do amylose + amylopectin make?

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cellulose composed of?

A
  • Long chains of alternating beta glucose monomers joined by beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds
  • These chains lie parallel to other cellulose chains + they form hydrogen bonds (called microfibrils)
  • Microfibrils associate with other microfibrils to form fibrils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly